"21-ICRAD" Nucleic NanoVaccines for Fish

水产养殖是增长最快的粮食生产部门，但它受到传染病的严重制约。病毒感染对鱼类健康和福利的影响特别大，涉及重大的经济损失，并且只有少数疫苗可用。因此，开发新的疫苗来预防鱼类病毒性疾病对水产养殖业的可持续发展至关重要。针对鱼类病毒感染的实验性DNA疫苗已经开发出来，其中一些疫苗具有很高的保护性，但它们是注射的，不易于对幼鱼施用。重要的是，一些DNA疫苗最近已经商业化，但价格昂贵。mRNA疫苗有很大的希望，但它们才刚刚开始在鱼类中进行测试。在哺乳动物中，它们通常诱导强烈的反应和良好的保护。它们似乎比DNA疫苗生产更快，更安全，因为它们不应该整合到宿主基因组中。在这种情况下，NucNanoFish项目建议建立一个核酸平台，使用可生物降解的纳米颗粒，通过肌肉内（IM）或口服/浸泡途径有效地递送疫苗，以对抗几种欧洲养殖鱼类的众所周知的病毒性疾病。我们已经选择了四种不同的相关宿主-病原体模型，通过每个财团的合作伙伴的尖端专业知识。NucNanoFish将设计、生产和测试DNA/mRNA核酸疫苗，无论是否加载到设计安全的脂质纳米颗粒（LNP）上。LNP基于被脂质冠包围的PLA/PLGA（聚乳酸/乙醇酸）核心。我们假设它们被粘膜有效吸收或在注射部位抗原呈递细胞（APC）的募集将有利于在每种相关病毒的入口处的保护性免疫ICRAD NucNanoFish-ID：10 3/51应答。为了实现这些目标，NucNanoFish组建了一个由六个合作伙伴组成的联盟，具有高度互补的专业知识：一个是使用LNP纳米递送抗原和mRNA，四组鱼类免疫病毒学家/疫苗学家和一家DNA生产生物技术公司。

Aquaculture is the fastest growing food production sector, but it is significantly constrained by infectious diseases. Impact of viral infectionson fish health and welfare is particularly strong, involving important economic losses, and only few vaccines are available. Therefore, it is ofparamount importance to develop new vaccines to prevent fish viral diseases for the development of a sustainable aquaculture.Experimental DNA vaccines against fish viral infections have been developed, some providing high protection but they are injected andcannot be easily administered to young fish. Importantly, several DNA vaccines have been recently made commercially available but remainexpensive. mRNA vaccines hold much hope, but they are just beginning to be tested in fish. In mammals, they often induce strongresponses and good protection. They appear to be fast to produce and safer than DNA vaccines as they should not integrate into hostgenomes.In this context, the NucNanoFish project proposes to establish a nucleic acid platform using biodegradable nanoparticles for efficientdelivery of vaccines, through intra-muscular (IM) or oral/immersion routes, against to well-known viral diseases of severalEuropean farmed fish species. We have selected four different relevant host-pathogen models through cutting edge expertise of eachconsortium's partner. NucNanoFish will design, produce and test DNA/mRNA nucleic acid vaccines loaded or not onto safe-by-designLipoNanoParticles (LNP). LNP are based on a PLA/PLGA (Poly-Lactic/Glycolic Acid) core surrounded with a lipid corona. We hypothesize thattheir efficient uptake by mucosa or the recruitment of Antigen Presenting Cells (APC) at the site of injection will favour a protective immuneICRAD NucNanoFish - ID: 10 3 of 51response at the portal of entry of each relevant virus. To achieve these goals, NucNanoFish has assembled a consortium of six partners, withhighly complementary expertise: one in nanodelivery of antigen and mRNA using LNP, four groups of fish immunovirologists / vaccinologistsand a biotech company in DNA production.