Revolutionising livestock tick-borne pathogen control

彻底改变牲畜蜱传病原体控制

• 批准号: BB/W016621/1
• 负责人: Hannah Vineer
• 金额: $ 76.87万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FW016621%2F1
• 关键词: Revolutionising; livestock; tick; borne; pathogen

This project will revolutionise how we approach livestock tick and tick-borne pathogen (TBP) control by providing knowledge and tools for proactive management.Ticks are blood-feeding parasitic invertebrates that infest vertebrates worldwide. Of the >850 species of ticks worldwide, >150 are found in Africa, where they heavily parasitise livestock and are responsible for transmitting a range of pathogens to these animals. Tick-borne diseases are ranked among the most important livestock parasites and pathogens in Africa, and some are responsible for losses in excess of $170M/year. Heartwater (Ehrlichia ruminantium infection) has been implicated in the deaths of tens of thousands of livestock in Botswana since 2018 alone. This directly affects human food security and hence resilience of communities to global change. Climate change, spread of invasive ticks, and drug resistance threaten the sustainable control of ticks and tick-borne disease.To support effective control of tick-borne disease, we need to better understand the processes driving TBP transmission. Models of TBP transmission are powerful tools which allow us to better understand the system and evaluate the impact of environment and interventions which would not be possible to evaluate in detail in the field or with in vivo trials. Prior research has largely had a one-tick, one-pathogen approach, and models focussed on one aspect of transmission dynamics. However, TBPs exist within the wider tick symbiome, and in changing environments, which may affect transmission. Recent pilot data collection that I conducted demonstrated the feasibility of collecting ticks in the field under present SARS-CoV-2 prevention measures. This allows us to conduct an unbiased cross-sectional survey of ticks in our study region, Botswana, identify all bacteria and protozoa carried by the ticks (symbiome), and relate symbiome traits and structure to environment, veterinary intervention measures, and disease (Work Package 1; WP1). We will then develop and validate a mathematical model of E. ruminantium transmission in Botswana by adapting and extending an existing model developed for Lyme borreliosis in North America, incorporating symbiome interactions (WP2). Finally, we will use this model to evaluate the epidemiological impact of potential veterinary and policy measures, to develop guidelines for TBP control in Botswana (WP3). This will be the first truly unbiased, country-wide survey of TBPs, and the first comprehensive model of African TBP transmission. The project is novel as it considers not only host-tick-pathogen interactions, but also tick symbiome and interactions with the environment. Recent devastating outbreaks of tick-borne disease in the Okavango Delta make this project timely, and Botswana the ideal case study region.We will share outputs with policy makers in Botswana through our existing relationship with the Department of Veterinary Services. We will develop CPD modules for veterinarians to learn about and implement project output, accessible via a dedicated project website. This will extend our potential impact beyond our immediate study region. All data and code produced will be openly available in formats accessible to researchers, veterinarians and policy makers.

这个项目将通过提供主动管理的知识和工具，彻底改变我们控制牲畜壁虱和壁虱传播病原体(TBP)的方式。壁虎是寄生于血液的无脊椎动物，困扰着世界各地的脊椎动物。在全世界850种壁虱中，有150种分布在非洲，在那里，它们大量寄生牲畜，并负责将一系列病原体传播给这些动物。壁虱传播的疾病被列为非洲最重要的牲畜寄生虫和病原体之一，其中一些疾病每年造成的损失超过1.7亿美元。仅自2018年以来，博茨瓦纳就有数万头牲畜死亡与心水(Ehrlichiarumantium感染)有关。这直接影响到人类的粮食安全，从而影响到社区对全球变化的适应能力。气候变化、侵袭性硬虱的传播和抗药性威胁着硬蜱和硬虱传播疾病的可持续控制。为了支持对硬蜱传播疾病的有效控制，我们需要更好地了解推动TBP传播的过程。TBP传播模型是强大的工具，使我们能够更好地了解该系统，并评估环境和干预措施的影响，这些影响无法在现场或体内试验中进行详细评估。以前的研究基本上是一种一拍一病原体的方法，模型集中在传播动力学的一个方面。然而，Tbps存在于更广泛的扁虱共生体中，并存在于不断变化的环境中，这可能会影响传播。我最近进行的试验性数据收集工作证明了在目前的SARS-CoV-2预防措施下，在野外收集扁虱的可行性。这使我们能够对我们研究区域博茨瓦纳的扁虱进行公正的横断面调查，确定扁虱携带的所有细菌和原生动物(共生组)，并将共生组特征和结构与环境、兽医干预措施和疾病联系起来(工作包1；WP1)。然后，我们将通过修改和扩展为北美莱姆病螺旋体病开发的现有模型，纳入共生组相互作用(WP2)，开发并验证博茨瓦纳反胃埃希氏菌传播的数学模型。最后，我们将使用该模型评估潜在的兽医和政策措施的流行病学影响，以制定博茨瓦纳TBP控制指南(WP3)。这将是第一次真正公正的全国范围内的Tbps调查，也是第一个全面的非洲TBP传播模型。该项目是新颖的，因为它不仅考虑了宿主-壁虱-病原体的相互作用，而且还考虑了壁虱共生组以及与环境的相互作用。最近在奥卡万戈三角洲爆发的具有破坏性的壁虱传播疾病使这一项目变得及时，博茨瓦纳是理想的案例研究地区。我们将通过我们与兽医服务部的现有关系与博茨瓦纳的政策制定者分享成果。我们将为兽医开发CPD模块，以了解和实施项目产出，可通过专门的项目网站访问。这将把我们的潜在影响扩展到我们直接研究的地区之外。所有产生的数据和代码都将以研究人员、兽医和政策制定者可访问的格式公开提供。