IMAGE ANALYSIS OF STAINED AND UNSTAINED MACROMOLECULES

多瘤病毒及其多态性聚集体SV 40病毒的结构， 肌球蛋白亚片段-1和叶绿体细胞色素b6/f复合物将被 通过电子显微镜和图像分析方法研究。 这些研究 旨在回答有关整体结构，组装， 稳定性和这些大分子聚集体的功能。 我们将学习 关于多瘤病毒、SV 40、肌球蛋白亚片段-1、 和细胞色素b6/f，多瘤和SV 40中的蛋白质-核酸关联， 和细胞色素b6/f中的蛋白质-脂质缔合。 这些系统中的每一个的生物学意义是有据可查的。 多瘤和SV 40在其天然宿主（小鼠和小鼠）中不引起恶性肿瘤。 恒河猴），但当它们的致癌潜力高时， 将一定浓度的病毒注射到外来宿主或自然宿主中， 宿主缺乏功能性免疫系统。 亚片段-1，头部 肌球蛋白的一部分，负责肌肉中的力产生， ATP的水解和与肌动蛋白的相互作用。 细胞色素b6/f 叶绿体类囊体中完整的跨膜复合物， 在光合和呼吸能量转换中的作用。 研究这些和类似结构的潜力需要继续进行。 努力开发和实施电子显微镜新技术， 图像分析以及既定程序的应用。 冷冻水化标本的显微镜检查将有助于揭示“本土” 生物分子的结构，以及高度 交互式的计算机图形图像分析程序将允许灵活的 和有效的处理显微照片从更多的各种 生物系统的复杂性增加。

The structures of polyoma virus and its polymorphic aggregates, SV40 virus, myosin subfragment-1, and the chloroplast cytochrome b6/f complex will be studied by electron microscopy and image analysis methods. These studies are aimed at answering questions about the overall structure, assembly, stability, and function of these macromolecular aggregates. We will learn about protein-protein interactions in polyoma, SV40, myosin subfragment-1, and cytochrome b6/f, protein-nucleic acid associations in polyoma and SV40, and protein-lipid associations in cytochrome b6/f. The biological significance of each of these systems is well documented. Polyoma and SV40 do not cause malignancies in their natural hosts (mice and rhesus monkeys), but their oncogenic potential is revealed when high concentrations of virus are injected into either foreign hosts or natural hosts lacking a functional immunological system. Subfragment-1, the head portion of myosin, is responsible for force generation in muscle through the hydrolysis of ATP and interaction with actin. Cytochrome b6/f, an integral membrane-spanning complex in chloroplast thylakoids, is involved in photosynthetic and respiratory energy transduction. The potential to study these and similar structures requires continued efforts to develop and implement new techniques of electron microscopy and image analysis as well as the application of established procedures. Microscopy of frozen-hydrated specimens will help reveal the "native" structure of biological molecules, and implementation of highly interactive, computer graphics image analysis routines will allow flexible and efficient processing of micrographs from a greater variety of biological systems of increased complexity.