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ORGANIZATION OF THE CYTOPLASMIC MATRIX

细胞质基质的组织

基本信息

批准号：
3285347
负责人：
KEITH R. PORTER
金额：
$ 15万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-07-01 至 1992-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3285347
关键词：
Malacostraca cell fusion chromatophore computer graphics /printing cytoplasm cytoskeleton electron microscopy fish gel electrophoresis granule intermediate filaments microfilaments microtubules mitotic spindle apparatus morphology proteins

项目摘要

The cytoplasmic matrix is a complex meshwork of filaments and microtubules tied together by innumerable filamentous bridges. This structure and the water-filled spaces give to the cytoplasm its gel-like consistency. Ordinarily, in animal cells, the cytomatrix, with inclusions, is organized radially around a center comprising two centrioles and various arrangements of associated dense bodies. The latter function as initiating sites for the assembly and disposition of microtubules. These are skeletal in function and by physical association with the matrix they inflict form asymmetries on the cell and function as guides for the intracellular translocation of cytoplasmic granules, vesicles, etc. From studies of these structures and their behaviour there has come the concept that the cytoplasm is a unit structure or cytoplast in which functional and structural components occupy fixed positions. The studies proposed in this grant request aim to the characterize the relationships between matrix and microtubules. Chromatophores, pigment colored cells, from fish are used, partly because the pigment can be followed easily in the living cell by light microscopy and partly because the fully differentiated cells translocate pigment rapidly along tracks of microtubules. By severing the arms of melanophores it is proposed to generate minicells which contain pigment, or not, and populations of microtubules. They can be kept for days under in vitro conditions. Since they have no centrioles their microtubules are assembled and oriented by factors within the cytomatrix. It is hoped that some knowledge of these factors will be acquired. At the same time, it is proposed to explore the properties of cytoplasts by fusing them into other types of cells such as NRK's and BSC's. Do the cytoplasts of red pigment cells retain or lose their identity in the cytoplasms of larger NRK cells? Actually they don't; rather they dominate the NRK's and sequester the tubulin of the rat cell for their own use. It is expected that further exploration of this and other phenomena will provide further insight into cytoplasmic organization, how it is achieved and maintained.

细胞质基质是由细丝和微管由无数的丝状桥连接在一起。这种结构和提供给细胞质的充满水的空间其凝胶状的稠度。通常，在动物细胞中，带有包裹体的细胞矩阵围绕一个中心呈放射状排列由两个中心粒和不同排列的相关致密的身体。后者的作用是作为微管的组装和处置。这些都是骨架函数以及与它们所产生的矩阵的物理关联单元格上的形状不对称，并用作胞质颗粒、小泡等的胞内移位。从对这些结构及其行为的研究中，细胞质是一个单位结构或功能成分和结构成分占据的细胞质固定位置。在这项拨款申请中提出的研究旨在刻画了矩阵和矩阵之间的关系微管。色团，色素有色细胞，来自鱼，部分使用因为在活细胞中，色素很容易被光学显微镜和部分原因是完全分化的细胞沿着微管的轨迹快速移动色素。通过切断黑素细胞的手臂，它被提议产生含有或不含有色素的微细胞，以及微管。它们可以在体外条件下保存数天。由于它们没有中心粒，所以它们的微管被组装在一起并受细胞线内的因素影响。人们希望，我们将获得有关这些因素的一些知识。同时，还建议对其性质进行探讨。通过将它们融合到其他类型的细胞中，如NRK 和BSC的。红色素细胞的胞质是保留还是丢失它们在较大的NRK细胞的细胞质中的身份？实际上他们没有；相反，他们主导了NRK，并自动减支老鼠细胞的微管蛋白供自己使用。预计对这一现象和其他现象的进一步研究将提供进一步洞察细胞质组织，它是如何实现的并得到了维护。