SPATIAL PATTERN OF THE EGG CHAMBER IN DROSOPHILA

这个项目的目的是分析空间不对称是如何产生的， 黑腹果蝇发育中的卵室。 我们已经证明 生殖细胞和上面的卵泡细胞之间的信号传递过程 建立了蛋壳和胚胎的背腹模式。 我们发现，鱼雷，在这个细胞通讯途径的中心基因， 编码脊椎动物表皮生长因子的果蝇同源物 受体（EGFr）。 我们将在分子水平上分析一组32个 鱼雷等位基因，差异影响受体功能，在不同的 细胞类型。 分析鱼雷激活中涉及的上游生殖细胞过程 我们提出了一个详细的基因和分子分析的基因cornichon 这是目前我们最好的候选人编码的配体， 受体的 我们将随后分析cornichon 和gurken，fs（1）K10，卡布其诺，和spire，基因也作用于 生殖系，并参与配体的生产。 这将使我们能够 描述系统使用的时间和空间控制途径， 配体产生。 我们将分析两种细胞反应途径， 鱼雷受体：背侧卵泡细胞命运的建立， 调节一个新的，腹侧信号，这是产生在 卵泡细胞并传递回胚胎。 我们已经确定了一 第一反应途径的候选基因类别。 我们建议 分析这一类，并确定基因，促进建立 背侧卵泡细胞命运。 我们还发现了一个基因（windbeutel） 在第二个途径中起作用，并参与产生新的 最终建立胚胎细胞的卵泡细胞中的信号 命运 基因和分子技术将用于分析 温德伯特尔 此外，寻找其他基因的作用，在 鱼雷途径将通过筛选增强子或抑制子 突变。 我们还将分析影响卵室早期事件的突变 模式化 这将提供有关主要机制的信息 在果蝇中用来建立最初的前后 背腹不对称 拟议的研究将使我们能够确定一个空间和 鱼雷受体酪氨酸激酶的时间控制激活是 在开发中实现，并提供详细的了解， 不同的发育途径由受体控制 activation. 关于这种作用方式的极好的生物化学数据 已经使用脊椎动物组织培养系统获得了受体。 我们 对果蝇卵室的研究将补充这种分析， 从而深入了解这些受体在发育中的生物体中的作用。

The aim of this project is the analysis how spatial asymmetries arise in the developing egg chamber of Drosophila melanogaster. We have shown that a signalling process between the germline and the overlying follicle cells establishes the dorso-ventral pattern of both the egg shell and the embryo. We found that torpedo, a central gene in this cell communication pathway, encodes the Drosophila homolog of the vertebrate Epidermal Growth Factor receptor (EGFr). We will analyze at the molecular level a set of 32 torpedo alleles which differentially affect receptor function in different cell types. To analyze the upstream germline processes involved in torpedo activation we propose a detailed genetic and molecular analysis of the gene cornichon which is presently our best candidate for encoding a ligand of the receptor. We will subsequently analyze the interactions between cornichon and gurken, fs(1)K10, capuccino, and spire, genes that also act in the germline and are involved in ligand production. This will allow us to describe the pathway of temporal and spatial control used by the system for ligand production. We will analyze the two cellular response pathways that are activated by the torpedo receptor: the establishment of dorsal follicle cell fates and the regulation of a new, ventralizing signal which is produced in the follicle cells and transmitted back to the embryo. We have identified a candidate class of genes for the first response pathway. We propose to analyze this class and identify genes that promote the establishment of dorsal follicle cell fates. We have also identified a gene (windbeutel) that acts in the second pathway and participates in the production of a new signal in the follicle cells which ultimately established embryonic cell fates. Genetic and molecular techniques will be used to analyze windbeutel. In addition, a search for additional genes that act in the torpedo pathway will be performed by screening for enhancer or suppressor mutations. We will also analyze mutations that affect early events in egg chamber patterning. This will provide information about the primary mechanisms that are used in Drosophila to establish the initial anterior-posterior and dorso-ventral asymmetries. The proposed research will allow us to determine how a spatially and temporally controlled activation of the torpedo receptor tyrosine kinase is achieved in development, and provide a detailed understanding of the different developmental pathways that are controlled by receptor activation. Excellent biochemical data on the mode of action of such receptors has been obtained using vertebrate tissue culture systems. Our studies in the egg chamber of Drosophila will complement such analyses, and yield insights into the role of such receptors in the developing organism.