DETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD DEMAND FOR FOOD AND NUTRIENTS

这项研究建议检查经济和人口决定因素 美国穷人的家庭食物和营养消费的比例 各州。家庭菜篮子的营养成分是主要的 营养状况的决定因素。维持最佳营养状态 在预防性保健中，地位是至关重要的。 家庭一级的食物可获得性由 两阶段决策过程。在第一阶段，食品支出是 主要是收入和家庭人口构成的函数。这个 过程的第二个阶段是更重要的，其中每个阶段的数量 食物被建模为总食物支出的函数，每种食物和所有食物 价格，以及家庭人口构成。一个完整的需求体系 提出了一个框架，以估计约15个合计(和 穷尽)同时进行食物分组。完整的需求系统评估 优于单方程估计，因为 模型中包含了对不同食物的需求。我们进一步建议 明确将家庭人口构成纳入模型。 所需食物的数量被转化为营养物质以供推理 目的。 提出的模型是创新的，因为它利用了经济理论来 构建一个模型来推导营养推断。完整的需求 系统模型模拟消费者的决策行为，因此可以提供 对潜在的政策工具的重要洞察 美国人口的饮食充分性。

This research proposes to examine the economic and demographic determinants of household food and nutrient consumption among the poor in the United States. The nutrient composition of the household food basket is a primary determinant of nutritional status. Maintenance of optimal nutritional status is essential in preventative health care. Food availability at the household level is modeled as determined by a two-stage decision making process. At the first stage food expenditure is a function primarily of income and household demographic composition. The second stage of the process is the more important, where quantity of each food is modeled as a function of total food expenditure, each and all food prices, and household demographic composition. A complete demand system framework is proposed to estimate the demand for about 15 aggregated (and exhaustive) food groups simultaneously. Complete demand system estimation is superior to single equation estimation in that the interactive nature of demand for different foods is captured in the model. We further propose to explicitly incorporate household demographic composition in the model. Quantity of foods demanded are transformed into nutrients for inferential purposes. The proposed model is innovative in that it utilizes economic theory to construct a model to derive nutritional inference. The complete demand system model mimics consumer decision making behavior, and thus may provide important insight into potential policy instruments for maintenance of dietary adequacy for the U.S. population.