NEURAL INFLUENCE ON HYPOPHYSEAL-GONADAL FUNCTION

神经对垂体-性腺功能的影响

• 批准号: 3313790
• 负责人: HAROLD G SPIES
• 金额: $ 23.5万
• 依托单位: OREGON REGIONAL PRIMATE RESEARCH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1982
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1982-09-01 至 1987-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3313790
• 关键词: blood chemistry; brain electronic stimulator; brain mapping; brain stem transection; estradiol; gonadotropin releasing factor; histology; hormone inhibitor; hormone regulation /control mechanism; hormone therapy; hypothalamic pituitary axis; luteinizing hormone; membrane activity; neuroendocrine system; opiate alkaloid; pituitary gonadal axis; progesterone; prolactin; prolactin releasing /inhibiting factor; radioimmunoassay; radiotracer; secretion; stereotaxic techniques

Gondatropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is probably secreted from hypothalamic neurons in distinct, periodic pulses. These rhythmic bursts of GnRH then initiate the secretion patterns of gonadotropins. The frequency and amplitude of these neural and pituitary events are influenced, in turn, by the changing ciruclating levels of two ovarian steroids, estradiol and progesterone. Still to be clarified are the specific cellular events in this process, the identity of the other humoral agents (prolactin, monoamines, or opiates) that may alter these events, and their mechanisms of action. The identity of prolactin-releasing factor (PRF), its mode of secretion, and the neurochemical eents and neuroanatomical regions that regulate prolactin secretion must also be studied. With specific radioimmunoassays for gonadotropins, steroids, prolactin, and GnRH, two types of infusion-withdrawal devices, and an assay to measure 125I-labeled GnRH on pituitary cell membranes, we propose to determine GnRH secretion and GnRH receptor binding characteristics; to correlate these variables with gonadotroping secretion; and to determine the sites of estrogen and progesterone action in macaques. To explore the hypothesis that neural peptides other than GnRH are also secreted rhythmically, we will study the neurochemical events and neuroanatomical regions that control the synchronous release of luteinizng hormone (LH) and prolactin. Neural deafferentation, local lesioning, electrical stimulation, pituitary stalk transection, hypophysectomy, and hypophyseal transplantation will be used in conjunction with hormone and drug therapy. Finally, we wish to examine the release of prolactin with hormone and drug therapy. Finally, we wish to examine the release of prolactin and LH in a physiologic state in which prolactin release occurs and LH release may not. Thus, we will monitor prolactin and LH changes in serum during infant suckling and compare them with the changes after hypophyseal stalk transection and after pituitary transplantation. The studies will provide the first direct evidence of the events that control GnRH secretion in awake primates and will enhance our understanding of the neural and hormonal events controlling gonadotropin and prolactin secretion. This knowledge may help identify the causes of hyperprolactinemia and hypogonadotropism and their potential interactions in reduced fertility.

促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）可能由下丘脑分泌 神经元发出不同的周期性脉冲 这些有节奏的GnRH爆发， 启动促性腺激素的分泌模式。 的频率和 这些神经和垂体事件的幅度依次受到以下因素的影响： 两种卵巢类固醇激素雌二醇和 孕酮 仍有待澄清的是特定的细胞事件， 该过程，其它体液因子（催乳素， 单胺或阿片类药物），可能会改变这些事件，及其机制 的行动。 催乳素释放因子（prolactin releasing factor，PRF）的特性、作用方式、作用机制等 分泌，以及神经化学事件和神经解剖区域， 调节催乳素分泌也必须研究。 与特定 促性腺激素、类固醇、催乳素和GnRH的放射免疫测定， 类型的输注-撤回装置，以及测量125 I标记的 GnRH对垂体细胞膜，我们建议确定GnRH分泌 和GnRH受体结合特征;将这些变量 与促性腺激素分泌;并确定雌激素和 孕酮在猕猴体内的作用。 为了探索神经系统 除了GnRH以外的肽也有节律地分泌，我们将研究 神经化学事件和神经解剖区域， 促黄体生成素（LH）和催乳素同步释放。 神经 传入神经阻滞，局部毁损，电刺激，垂体柄 将采用横断、垂体切除和垂体移植 与激素和药物治疗相结合。 最后，我们希望检查 用激素和药物治疗催乳素的释放。 最后，我们祝愿 检查生理状态下催乳素和LH的释放， 发生催乳素释放而LH释放可能不发生。 我们将继续观察。 婴儿哺乳期血清催乳素和促黄体生成素的变化及比较 垂体柄切断后和垂体后叶切除后 移植 这些研究将提供第一个直接证据， 这些事件控制清醒灵长类动物的GnRH分泌，并将增强我们的 了解控制促性腺激素的神经和激素事件 和催乳素分泌。 这些知识可能有助于确定 高催乳素血症和低促性腺激素血症及其潜在相互作用 降低生育率。