Novel Compact Aftertreatment Systems for Simultaneous Reduction of Diesel Engine NOx, PM, CO and HC Emissions

用于同时减少柴油发动机氮氧化物、颗粒物、一氧化碳和碳氢化合物排放的新型紧凑型后处理系统

• 批准号: EP/G038139/1
• 负责人: Athanasios Tsolakis
• 金额: $ 51.84万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2010 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FG038139%2F1
• 关键词: Novel; Compact; Aftertreatment; Systems; Simultaneous

Diesel engine exhaust gas catalytic aftertreatment systems have become a necessity in view of the reinforcement of exhaust gas emission regulations with the rapid growth of the high efficiency, low CO2 emission diesel powered vehicles (including off-road and on-road applications). Apart from the catalyst ability to control emissions, the size of the different individual aftertreatment systems, that need to be integrated with the engine system are as important for the vehicle manufacturers in order to a) eliminate huge costs involved with the vehicles redesign and b) avoid fuel penalties. The latter are related to the increased vehicle weight and affected vehicle aerodynamics resulting from the accommodation of the aftertreatment systems (including controls). Synergies between fuels such as Biomass-to-Liquid (BTL) or Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) and engine technologies can further promote emissions reduction and advance catalytic aftertreatment technology.The proposed research is focused on the study and understanding of the principles, and the development of compact very lightweight aftertreatment systems that comprise prototype lean NOx catalysts (selective catalytic reduction - SCR, or NOx traps), continuous regenerated diesel particulate filters (DPFs) and production diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs) technologies. The systems will have a size similar or smaller than a typical DPF and they will target to achieve HC, CO and particulate matter (PM) emissions reduction of >90% using a DOC and a DPF, and NOx reduction of >70% using lean NOx catalyst technology (NOx traps or a silver alumina based HC-SCR catalyst). Furthermore, the novel systems will be cost effective by replacing precious metals (precious group metals - PGM) such as Pt and Pd with base metal catalysts (such as silver) and will operate with a minimum development of a specific engine map where possible (i.e. continuous DPF regeneration and passive mode SCR operation will reduce engine map development requirements).The experimental programme is divided into three broad areas:(i) Study, design and development of silver/alumina (Ag/Al2O3) mainly based catalysts active in HC-SCR of NOx and C-containing species oxidation under different engine fuelling and operating conditions.(ii) Study of the activity and regeneration of NOx traps utilised as catalysts for NOx reduction and Soot-PM/HC/CO oxidation when coated on the DPF.(iii) Study aiming to establish the most promising new innovative approach of a catalytic system using exhaust gas from different engines under various engine operating conditions.The first two parts will provide the scientific knowledge and guidelines required for the third part, which will be the final proof of the proposed technology.The developed catalytic technologies will still be able to provide significant emission reductions when used as individual units for applications where compactness and weight may not be important (i.e. power generation).The research will be carried out by two renowned research groups in the field of internal combustion engine technologies, the University of Birmingham Future Power Systems Group and the Brunel University Centre for Advanced Powertrain and Fuels, in collaboration with the University of Birmingham Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management. The project tasks have been planed jointly with the industrial partners in the best possible way that will allow the research to benefit from the expertise and capabilities of each academic group.

随着高效、低CO2排放的柴油动力汽车（包括越野和道路应用）的快速增长，废气催化后处理系统已成为加强废气排放法规的必要条件。除了催化剂控制排放的能力外，需要与发动机系统集成的不同单独后处理系统的大小对汽车制造商来说也同样重要，以便a)消除车辆重新设计所涉及的巨额成本，b)避免燃油罚款。后者与车辆重量的增加和由于后处理系统（包括控制系统）的容纳而影响的车辆空气动力学有关。生物质制油（BTL）或气制油（GTL）等燃料与发动机技术之间的协同作用可以进一步促进减排，并推进催化后处理技术。该研究的重点是对原理的研究和理解，以及紧凑型轻质后处理系统的开发，该系统包括原型贫氮氧化物催化剂（选择性催化还原- SCR或氮氧化物捕集器）、连续再生柴油颗粒过滤器（dpf）和生产柴油氧化催化剂（DOCs）技术。该系统的尺寸将与典型的DPF相似或更小，其目标是使用DOC和DPF将HC、CO和颗粒物（PM）排放量减少90%，使用贫氮氧化物催化剂技术（氮氧化物捕集器或银氧化铝基HC- scr催化剂）将氮氧化物排放量减少70%。此外，新型系统通过用贱金属催化剂（如银）取代贵金属（贵金属族金属- PGM），如Pt和Pd，将具有成本效益，并且在可能的情况下，将以最小的开发特定的发动机图（即连续DPF再生和无源模式SCR操作将减少发动机图的开发要求）运行。实验计划分为三个广泛的领域：(i)研究、设计和开发银/氧化铝（Ag/Al2O3）主要基于催化剂，在不同的发动机加油和操作条件下，在HC-SCR中对NOx和含c物质氧化有活性。（ii）研究氮氧化物捕集器的活性和再生，这些捕集器被用作氮氧化物还原和煤烟- pm /HC/CO氧化的催化剂，当涂覆在DPF上时。（iii）在不同发动机工况下，利用不同发动机的废气建立最有前途的催化系统创新方法的研究。前两部分将提供第三部分所需的科学知识和指南，第三部分将是所提议技术的最终证明。开发的催化技术在作为单独的单元使用时，仍然能够提供显著的减排，在紧凑性和重量可能不重要的应用中（例如发电）。这项研究将由内燃机技术领域的两个著名研究小组进行，即伯明翰大学未来动力系统小组和布鲁内尔大学先进动力总成和燃料中心，并与伯明翰大学环境健康和风险管理部门合作。项目任务是与工业伙伴以最佳方式共同规划的，这将使研究受益于每个学术小组的专业知识和能力。

项目成果

Influence of on-board produced hydrogen and three way catalyst on soot nanostructure in gasoline direct injection engines

• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.05.049
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: Carbon
• 影响因子: 10.9
• 作者: M. Bogarra;J. Herreros;A. Tsolakis;A. York;P. Millington;F. Martos

Manipulating modern diesel engine particulate emission characteristics through butanol fuel blending and fuel injection strategies for efficient diesel oxidation catalysts

• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.102
• 发表时间: 2017-03-15
• 期刊: APPLIED ENERGY
• 影响因子: 11.2
• 作者: Fayad, M. A.;Tsolakis, A.;Lapuerta, M.
• 通讯作者: Lapuerta, M.

Microkinetic modelling for propane oxidation in channel flows of a silver-based automotive catalytic converter

银基汽车催化转化器通道流中丙烷氧化的微动力学建模

• 期刊: SAE Technical Papers
• 作者: B. Sawatmongkhon (Author)

Tribological Performance of Biomass-Derived Bio-Alcohol and Bio-Ketone Fuels

• DOI: 10.3390/en14175331
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: O. Doustdar;S. Zeraati-Rezaei;J. Herreros;A. Tsolakis;K. Dearn;M. Wyszyński

Influence of alternative fuels on combustion and characteristics of particulate matter morphology in a compression ignition diesel engine

• DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.079
• 发表时间: 2020-04-01
• 期刊: RENEWABLE ENERGY
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Fayad, Mohammed A.;Tsolakis, Athanasios;Martos, Francisco J.
• 通讯作者: Martos, Francisco J.