INFANT LOCOMOTION--MOTORIC ANC PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

婴儿运动--运动ANC心理发展

• 批准号: 3321425
• 负责人: MARSHALL M HAITH
• 金额: $ 7.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER (COLORADO SEMINARY)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-09-01 至 1988-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3321425
• 关键词: biomechanics; child physical development; child psychology; chordate locomotion; cognition; infant human (0-1 year); longitudinal human study; neurophysiology; perception; performance; sensorimotor system

We propose to study the acquisition of locomotor skills in infancy and to examine the relations between locomotor and psychological development during the transition from prelocomotion to self-produced prone locomotion (e.g., creeping and crawling). Our specific aims are to: (a) develop quantitative measures of the organization of skills that underlie the acquisition of self-produced locomotion; and (b) use these measures to examine the relations between the acquisition of locomotor skill and shifts in spatial, cognitive and perceptual development. Two equally important and related sets of studies are proposed. The first set of five studies will provide basic information about the motoric processes that underlie the acquisition of self-produced locomotor skills. Study 1 is a normative longitudinal study of the transition from prelocomotion to the acquisition of prone self-produced locomotion. Study 2 extends study 1 by comparing our measures of locomotor skill with the judgments of pediatric physical therapists to determine if our quantitative measures of self-produced locomotion captures aspects of this skill which are important to practitioners. In studies 3 - 5 we will experimentally manipulate locomotor-skill performance to determine how locomotor skills are organized and reorganized when interventions are introduced that serve to impede or facilitate locomotion. The second set of three studies are designed to determine the extent to which important psychological changes follow in time, coincide with, are mediated by, or are maintained by the acquisition of locomotor skills. Study 6 will examine the relation between active and passive locomotor experience. The question is how sensorimotor-based knowledge affects spatial relations in an object search task. Study 7 will test whether self-produced locomotion is the mechanism by which self-movement is discriminated from world-movement when vestibular and visual information are placed in conflict in the context of a "moving room." Study 8 will examine how locomotor experience facilitates the baby's understanding of distance and size-constancy relations in order to coordinate perspectival transformations.

我们建议研究婴儿期运动技能的获得， 研究运动和心理发展之间的关系 在从运动前到自发俯卧运动的过渡过程中 (e.g.,爬行和爬行）。 我们的具体目标是：（a）发展 组织技能的定量措施， 获得自发运动;和（B）使用这些措施， 探讨运动技能的获得与移位的关系 在空间、认知和知觉的发展上。 提出了两套同样重要和相关的研究。 第一 一组五项研究将提供有关运动的基本信息， 自我产生的运动技能的获得过程。 研究1是一项规范性纵向研究， premovement运动to the acquisition收购of prone倾向self-produced自产motion运动. 研究 2扩展研究1通过比较我们的运动技能的措施， 儿科物理治疗师的判断，以确定我们的定量 自我产生的运动的测量捕捉到了这种技能的各个方面， 对从业者来说很重要。 在研究3 - 5中，我们将实验性地 操纵运动技能的表现，以确定运动技能 当干预措施被引入时， 阻碍或促进运动。 第二组三项研究旨在确定 这些重要的心理变化在时间上是一致的， 由运动技能的获得介导或维持。 研究6将探讨主动和被动运动之间的关系 体验. 问题是基于感觉运动的知识如何影响 空间关系在一个对象搜索任务。 研究7将测试是否 自我产生的运动是自我运动的机制， 当前庭和视觉信息 在“移动的房间”的背景下被置于冲突中。“研究8将 研究运动体验如何促进婴儿对 距离和大小恒定关系，以协调透视 转变