Functional Oxide Materials Discovery using Extreme Conditions

这项提议将探索利用高压和其他极端条件合成电子和自旋电子金属氧化物。具有优异性能的新材料的发现推动了许多现代化学、物理和材料科学的发展。电子和磁性材料，如超导体、磁阻器、铁性材料和多铁性材料是一个特别的挑战，因为相关电子系统的基态是不可预测的，而且它们经常对化学成分和物理条件的微小变化敏感。尽管有这些困难，但在过去的二十年里，对复杂的电子材料的探索已经改变了我们对许多领域的理解，值得注意的无机例子是：-高T_c超导体-层状铜氧化物、富勒化物、MgB_2和新的RFeAsO材料。-磁响应材料-例如CMR和锰氧化物钙钛矿中的多铁行为。-量子物质和临界性-从SrTiO_3中的量子顺电到石墨烯中的高温量子霍尔效应。这种无机材料具有很大的可压缩性(~100-400 Gpa)，因此需要高压(HP)来显著改变它们的化学、结构和性质。我们项目的总体目标是发现具有有趣和有用的电子性质的新氧化物，包括自旋电子活性。高压合成将得到广泛应用，但高温熔剂生长和薄膜沉积也将得到应用。将对新材料进行结构表征，并探索其基本物理性能。将与英国和日本的其他组织合作，对应用程序(例如自旋电子学设备)进行更详细的表征和测试。

This proposal will explore the synthesis of electronic and spintronic metal oxides using high pressure and other extreme conditions.The discovery of new materials with outstanding properties motivates much of modern chemistry, physics and materials science. Electronic and magnetic materials e.g. superconductors, magnetoresistors, ferroics and multiferroics are a particular challenge due to the unpredictability of the ground states of correlated electron systems, and their frequent sensitivity to small changes in chemical composition and physical conditions. Despite these difficulties, the exploration of often complex electronic materials has transformed our understanding of many fields in the last two decades, notable inorganic examples being;- High-Tc superconductors - layered copper oxides, fullerides, MgB2, and the new RFeAsO materials.- Magneto-responsive materials - e.g. CMR and multiferroic behaviour in manganese oxide perovskites.- Quantum matter and criticality - ranging from quantum paraelectricity in SrTiO3 to high temperature quantum Hall effects in graphene.Such inorganic materials have large compressibilities (~100-400 GPa), and so high pressures (HP) are needed to change their chemistry, structures and properties significantly. The general aim of our project is to discover new oxides having interesting and useful electronic properties including spintronic activity. High pressure synthesis will be used extensively, but high temperature flux growth and thin film depositions will also be applied. The new materials will be structurally characterized and basic physical properties explored. More detailed characterizations and testing for applications (e.g. in spintronic devices) will be done in collaboration with other UK and Japanese groups.