PERINATAL INFLUENCES ON DEVELOPING AUDITORY PERCEPTION

本研究项目的目标是全面、系统、 和参数评估的发展听觉的动物 模型 自然主义和任意的声音被呈现给暴露在 正常和非典型的围产期经历。 发展中的感官属性将从心理物理学推断 缩放程序，创建新生儿对变化的反应图， 听觉刺激 延迟新生儿的其他常规窥视 小鸡被用来衡量各种刺激物在多大程度上 被视为相似或不同。 受控信号检测分析 将决定纯音和自然主义的绝对阈值 在出生后的最初几天刺激的变化。 信号检测 分析将评估频率和时间的歧视，在这些 新生儿 一系列的操作将评估 围产期噪音，产前酒精，早产孵化的措施， perception. 如果这些操作影响感官属性， 习惯性检测，或歧视，然后非典型围产期 经验将被证明会导致更高层次、更微妙的缺陷， 注意力和知觉过程。 这项研究计划将有助于了解的作用 听觉发展的早期经验。 这 研究也可能有助于了解非典型性的影响， 人类新生儿知觉发展的经验。 操纵 包括越来越多的人类新生儿所经历的病症， 结果测量与人类神经行为发育相关。 在心理声学和人类学方面受过训练的科学家的合作 发展将最大限度地增加机会，找到一般原则， 围产期行为发育

The objective of this research program is a comprehensive, systematic, and parametric evaluation of developing auditory perceptions in an animal model. Naturalistic and arbitrary sounds are presented to subjects exposed to normal and atypical perinatal experiences. Developing sensory attributes will be inferred from psychophysical scaling procedures that create maps of neonates' responses to changes in auditory stimuli. Delays in the otherwise regular peeping of newborn chicks are used as measures of the extent to which various stimuli are perceived as similar or different. Controlled signal detection analyses will determine if absolute thresholds to pure tones and a naturalistic stimulus change over the first few postnatal days. Signal detection analyses will evaluate both frequency and temporal discriminations in these neonates. A series of manipulations will assess the effects of perinatal noise, prenatal ethanol, and premature hatching on measures of perception. If these manipulations affect sensory attributes but not habituation detection, or discrimination, then atypical perinatal experience will be shown to cause deficits in higher order, more subtle attentional ind perceptual processes. This research program will contribute to an understanding of the roles of early experience in the development of auditory perception. This research may also contribute to an understanding of the effects of atypical experiences on perceptual development in human neonates. Manipulations include conditions experienced by increasing numbers of human neonates, and the outcome measures are relevant to human neurobehavioral development. A collaboration of scientists trained in psychoacoustics and human development will maximize the opportunity to find general principles of perinatal behavioral development.