Early Development of Auditory Temporal Processing

听觉时间处理的早期发展

• 批准号: 6793158
• 负责人: Lincoln C Gray
• 金额: $ 5.95万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至 2005-08-08
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6793158
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; chickens; developmental neurobiology; environmental toxicology; hearing disorders; lead poisoning; neural information processing; noise biological effect; noise induced deafness; sequential perception; sound perception; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research will use an appropriate animal model to define the behavioral, physiological, and cellular changes that correlate with deficits in auditory temporal processing. We will test the hypothesis that one type of early insult (exposure to low levels of lead) but not another (exposure to loud sound) causes a deficit in hearing rapid changes in sound. Four observations from the literature predict that lead toxicity is a reasonable manipulation for investigating auditory temporal processing deficit. First, lead poisoning causes dyslexia. Second, children with dyslexia have auditory temporal and phonological processing deficits. Third, early exposure to low levels of lead in these animals causes an auditory temporal processing disorder. Fourth, the development of hearing in humans and these animals is remarkably parallel in many aspects, including auditory temporal processing. Signal detection analyses of unconditioned delays in the subjects' vocalizations will quantify the early development of forward, backward, and simultaneous masking, discrimination of speech and speech-like stimuli containing voice- and tone-onset-time cues. Several non-temporal controls (absolute thresholds, frequency and intensity discrimination) will prove the deficits are unique to rapidly changing sounds. Physiological recordings and immuno-histochemistry of cells of the central auditory system will define possible mechanisms of the behavioral deficits. According to an important current hypothesis, difficulty processing the basic elements of language (phonemes) is due to a deficit in the perception of rapidly changing sounds. Basic questions about the early development of auditory temporal processing and the insults that can cause a decrement in these important abilities remain unanswered. This basic information will help us understand the effects of common environmental insults and perhaps the etiology of phonological processing deficits (associated with dyslexia in children) that affect between 5 percent and 17 percent of our children.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将使用适当的 动物模型来定义行为、生理和细胞变化 与听觉时间处理缺陷相关。我们将测试 假设一种早期损伤（暴露于低水平的铅）但是 不是另一种（暴露于响亮的声音）会导致听力快速变化的缺陷 在声音中。文献中的四项观察结果预测铅毒性是 调查听觉时间处理缺陷的合理操作。 首先，铅中毒会导致阅读障碍。其次，患有阅读障碍的孩子 听觉时间和语音处理缺陷。三、早期暴露 这些动物体内的低水平铅会导致听觉时间处理 紊乱。第四，人类和这些动物的听力的发展是 在许多方面都非常并行，包括听觉时间处理。 对受试者无条件延迟的信号检测分析 发声将量化前向、后向和后向的早期发展 同时掩蔽、言语和类言语刺激的辨别 包含语音和音调开始时间提示。几种非时间控制 （绝对阈值、频率和强度辨别）将证明 缺陷是快速变化的声音所特有的。生理记录和 中枢听觉系统细胞的免疫组织化学将定义 行为缺陷的可能机制。根据一项重要的 当前的假设，难以处理语言的基本元素 （音素）是由于对快速变化的声音的感知缺陷造成的。 关于听觉时间处理的早期发展的基本问题 可能导致这些重要能力下降的侮辱仍然存在 无人回答。这些基本信息将帮助我们了解 常见的环境侮辱以及语音的病因学 影响之间的处理缺陷（与儿童阅读障碍相关） 我们的孩子中分别有 5% 和 17%。