ANTECEDENTS OF THE TYPE A BEHAVIOR PATTERN

A 型行为模式的前因

• 批准号: 3338228
• 负责人: KAREN MATTHEWS
• 金额: $ 20.84万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1980
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1980-04-01 至 1992-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3338228
• 关键词: aggression; angers; anxiety; behavioral medicine; blood pressure; cardiovascular disorder epidemiology; cardiovascular disorder prevention; case history; child psychology; coping; coronary disorder; disease /disorder proneness /risk; family structure /dynamics; heart disorder diagnosis; heart rate; human subject; interpersonal relations; lifestyle; longitudinal human study; parent offspring interaction; psychobiology; psychological stressor; psychometrics; questionnaires; stress; type A /type B personality

The major aims of our ongoing research program have been: (a) to identify the early emergence and stability of children's Type A behaviors and their associated psychophysiological responses to stress, which are considered to be risk factors for coronary artery disease in adults; and (b) to specify their determinants, with an emphasis on familial factors. Our four next steps in research will build on previous findings, but also depart from previous efforts in strategy and level of analysis. First, to estimate the stability of hostility, anger expression, and stress-induced cardiovascular responses in childhood, we propose to test in 1988-90 a maximum of 217 children, who have been tested on these dimensions in 1983-85. Second, because few data are available in adults or children on the validity of questionnaire/interview measures of hostility and anger expression, and laboratory stress-induced cardiovascular responses, we plan to compare those measures to conceptually relevant behaviors and psychophysiological responses exhibited during conflictual interactions amongst 50 children and 100 adults. Third, in a potential sample of 217 children and 260 adults, we wish to test the hypothesis that behavioral and psychophysiological attributes measured in 1983-85 predict casual blood pressure measured in 1990-92, controlling for initial casual blood pressure. Fourth, we propose to characterize in 50 families the patterns of behaviors and psychophysiological responses during interactions in which conflict and disagreement occur and to relate those patterns to children's level of hostility and mode of anger expression in both concurrent and longitudinal analyses. The proposed research attempts to correct a major conceptual failing in previous investigations in adults and children of Type A behaviors and their associated psychophysiological responses by extending studies of these phenomena beyond the context of achievement to important social interactions in which conceptually relevant human emotions, like anger, do occur.

我们正在进行的研究计划的主要目标是：(a) 确定 儿童A型行为的早期出现和稳定性及其 对压力的相关心理生理反应，被认为是 是成人冠状动脉疾病的危险因素； (b) 明确 其决定因素，重点是家庭因素。 接下来我们四个 研究步骤将建立在以前的发现基础上，但也偏离 先前在策略和分析水平方面的努力。 首先，估计 敌意、愤怒表达和压力诱发的心血管的稳定性 儿童时期的反应，我们建议在 1988-90 年测试最多 217 儿童，他们在 1983-85 年接受过这些维度的测试。 第二， 因为关于成人或儿童有效性的数据很少 敌意和愤怒表达的问卷/访谈测量，以及 实验室压力诱发的心血管反应，我们计划比较 这些措施对概念上相关的行为和心理生理学 50 名儿童在冲突互动中表现出的反应 100 名成人。 第三，在 217 名儿童和 260 名成人的潜在样本中， 我们希望检验以下假设：行为和心理生理学 1983-85 年测量的属性预测 1983-85 年测量的偶然血压 1990-92，控制初始随意血压。 四、我们建议 描述 50 个家庭的行为模式和 在冲突和冲突的互动过程中的心理生理反应 出现分歧并将这些模式与儿童的水平联系起来 并发和纵向的敌意和愤怒表达方式 分析。 拟议的研究试图纠正一个主要概念 之前对 A 型成人和儿童的调查失败 通过扩展行为及其相关的心理生理反应 对这些现象的研究超越了成就的背景，成为重要的 社会互动中概念上相关的人类情感，例如 愤怒，确实会发生。