New theoretical tools for metamaterial design

超材料设计的新理论工具

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    EP/H027610/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 27.22万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2010 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Imagine that we could control light to the extent that we can control electrons. The modern computer was developed thanks to our ability to control the flow of electrons through a circuit, and the magnetism of electrons in a hard disk. If we had the same influence over the behaviour of light then this could produce a similar revolution in technology; many everyday optical devices could be improved - projectors, fiber optic cabling, telescopes, microscopes, medical imaging units, and DVD players, are all limited by our control over light. The problem is that while electrons interact with external fields and each other, in normal circumstances photons do not. It is the purpose of this research to increase our control over light through improving the tools used to design a new class of optical materials known as metamaterials.Metamaterials have optical properties that are not found in naturally occurring media. To make a metamaterial involves the manufacture of an intricate composite structure, made out of insulating and conducting materials. This technology has allowed for the construction of a lens that can overcome the diffraction limit, and even an invisibility cloak: so far both of these devices have been shown to work in the microwave region of the spectrum. How is this `intricate composite structure' of a metamaterial determined? The surprising answer is that often, as far as light is concerned, the region of space occupied by a metamaterial behaves as if it were free space, but with a modified definition of what can be considered as a straight line . The curved path the light follows through a metamaterial device can be considered to be formally equivalent to the curved axes of a non-Cartesian system of co-ordinates, and this modified geometry is immediately related to the physical properties of the material. Find a geometry that has the `right straight lines' for a given optical function, and the required `intricate composite structure' of the metamaterial can then be computed: this procedure is the theory of `transformation optics'. The aim of this research is to pursue the initial goal - `to control light as well as we can control electrons' - through extending the reach of transformation optics to include new physics and new geometry. The more powerful we can make transformation optics, the greater the scope we have for metamaterial design, and the greater influence we can have over the behaviour of light. First we introduce new geometry;(1) At present, the optical materials considered within transformation optics are only equivalent to spaces that are stretched or curved relative to free space. Although this is a powerful theory in itself, it does not allow for another geometric property; torsion. Torsion represents the way a space is twisted. The project will generalise transformation optics to include spaces with torsion. This will add chirality into metamaterial design. A metamaterial that is equivalent to a space that twists vectors as they move along a co-ordinate axis would be expected to twist the vector properties of light as it moves through the material. Therefore adding torsion into transformation optics should allow for the design of new materials that manipulate the polarization of light.The second step is to introduce new physics;(2) Transformation optics is a classical theory of light interacting with matter, that reduces the problem to one of geometry. However, it contains remarkably few approximations. So we might therefore wonder the extent to which this picture is useful when quantum mechanics becomes important. Can we use transformation optics to design single photon metamaterial devices? The project will use an approximate quantum mechanical model for a metamaterial interacting with a quantized light field, and attempt to extend the procedure of transformation optics to the design of a new generation of devices in quantum optics.
想象一下,我们可以控制光,就像我们可以控制电子一样。现代计算机的发展要归功于我们能够控制电子在电路中的流动,以及硬盘中电子的磁性。如果我们对光的行为有同样的影响,那么这可能会在技术上产生类似的革命;许多日常光学设备可以得到改进--投影仪、光纤电缆、望远镜、显微镜、医学成像设备和DVD播放机,都受到我们对光的控制的限制。问题是,虽然电子与外场相互作用,但在正常情况下,光子不会相互作用。这项研究的目的是通过改进用于设计一类被称为超材料的新型光学材料的工具来加强我们对光的控制。超材料具有自然存在的介质中没有的光学特性。制造超材料包括制造一种复杂的复合结构,由绝缘和导电材料制成。这项技术可以建造一种可以克服衍射限制的透镜,甚至是一种隐形斗篷:到目前为止,这两种装置都被证明可以在光谱的微波区域工作。超材料的这种“复杂的复合结构”是如何确定的?令人惊讶的答案是,通常,就光而言,超材料占据的空间区域的行为就像它是自由空间一样,但对什么可以被认为是直线的定义进行了修改。光通过超材料装置的弯曲路径可以被认为在形式上等同于非笛卡尔坐标系的曲线轴,并且这种修改后的几何形状直接与材料的物理性质相关。找到一个几何图形,对于给定的光学功能,具有“正确的直线”,然后就可以计算出所需的超材料的“复杂复合结构”:这个过程就是“变换光学”理论。这项研究的目的是通过扩展变换光学的范围,将新的物理学和新的几何学包括在内,以追求最初的目标--“控制光和我们可以控制电子”。我们制造的变形光学越强大,超材料设计的范围就越大,我们对光的行为产生的影响也就越大。首先,我们引入了新的几何;(1)目前,在变换光学中考虑的光学材料仅等价于相对于自由空间拉伸或弯曲的空间。虽然这本身是一个强大的理论,但它没有考虑到另一个几何性质:扭转。扭转表示空间被扭曲的方式。该项目将推广变换光学,以包括有扭转的空间。这将为超材料设计增加手性。超材料相当于一个空间,当矢量沿坐标轴移动时,它将扭曲光在材料中移动时的矢量属性。因此,在变换光学中加入扭转应该允许设计操纵光偏振的新材料。第二步是引入新的物理学;(2)变换光学是光与物质相互作用的经典理论,它将问题归结为几何问题。然而,它包含的近似值非常少。因此,我们可能想知道,当量子力学变得重要时,这张图片的用处有多大。我们能用变换光学来设计单光子超材料器件吗?该项目将使用超材料与量子化光场相互作用的近似量子力学模型,并试图将变换光学的过程扩展到量子光学中的新一代器件的设计。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(10)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Cutoff dependence of the Casimir force within an inhomogeneous medium
非均匀介质中卡西米尔力的截止依赖性
  • DOI:
    10.1103/physreva.88.013833
  • 发表时间:
    2013
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.9
  • 作者:
    Horsley S
  • 通讯作者:
    Horsley S
Canonical quantization of the electromagnetic field interacting with a moving dielectric medium
与移动介电介质相互作用的电磁场的规范量子化
  • DOI:
    10.1103/physreva.86.023830
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.9
  • 作者:
    Horsley S
  • 通讯作者:
    Horsley S
Revisiting the Bragg reflector to illustrate modern developments in optics
重新审视布拉格反射镜以说明光学的现代发展
  • DOI:
    10.1119/1.4832436
  • 发表时间:
    2013-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0.9
  • 作者:
    S. A. R. Horsley;Jin-Hui Wu;M. Artoni;G. C. La Rocca
  • 通讯作者:
    G. C. La Rocca
Radiation pressure on a moving body: beyond the Doppler effect
Radiation pressure in stratified moving media
分层移动介质中的辐射压力
  • DOI:
    10.1103/physreva.86.053820
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.9
  • 作者:
    Horsley S
  • 通讯作者:
    Horsley S
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Simon Horsley其他文献

Steering Stable Light Fields Through Dynamic Scattering Media
通过动态散射介质控制稳定的光场
Flexible holographic metasurfaces for shape dependent imaging and curvature sensing
用于形状相关成像和曲率传感的灵活全息超表面
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Jianling Xiao;T. Plaskocinski;Robert I. Hunter;Mohammad Biabanifard;Duncan A. Robertson;Graham M. Smith;Simon Horsley;Sebastian A. Schulz;Andrea Di Falco
  • 通讯作者:
    Andrea Di Falco
Mechanically Tunable Conformable Holographic Metasurfaces
机械可调适形全息超表面

Simon Horsley的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Simon Horsley', 18)}}的其他基金

New theoretical tools for metamaterial design
超材料设计的新理论工具
  • 批准号:
    EP/H027610/2
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.22万
  • 项目类别:
    Fellowship

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    2014
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    Standard Grant
New theoretical tools for metamaterial design
超材料设计的新理论工具
  • 批准号:
    EP/H027610/2
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    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 27.22万
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New Theoretical Tools for Biocatalysis
生物催化新理论工具
  • 批准号:
    8053793
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地方公共卫生伦理:基于社区的卫生研究治理和伦理的新理论和应用工具。
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    nhmrc : 519556
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    2008
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  • 批准号:
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