CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL MECHANISMS OF SWEATING CONTROL

出汗控制的中枢和外周机制

• 批准号: 3344189
• 负责人: CARL V GISOLFI
• 金额: $ 12.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-06-01 至 1987-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3344189
• 关键词: acclimatization; blood pressure; body temperature regulation; electrolyte balance; environmental stressor; exercise; hormone regulation /control mechanism; hot climate; micromanipulator; neural information processing; neurotransmitters; oxygen consumption; stress; stroke; sweat; sweat glands; vasopressins

Humans and patas monkeys depend on sweat evaporation to regulate body temperature during exercies and heat exposure. Cessation of sweating under these conditions can cause hyperthermia and death. Thermal and non-thermal stimuli participate in the control of sweating and evidence indicates that both central and peripheral mechanisms are involved. Of the non-thermal inputs, changes in fluid-electrolyte balance have a profound influence on the sweating response. However, the importance of central and peripheral adjustments in acute thermoregulatory responses, in heat stroke, and in heat acclimation remain unclear. We hypothesize that the sweating response to thermal and ion-osmotic stimuli has a central and peripheral component. Our specific aims are to determine (a) if changes in osmolarity, blood volume, and specific cations act centrally or peripherally to alter sweating; (b) if the changes in sweating observed in (a) are mediated by a central or peripheral action of antidiuretic hormone (AVP); (c) the putative neurotransmitter(s) that participate in the central control of sweating; (d) the role of endogenous peptides on peripheral mechanisms of sweat gland function; (e) if heat acclimation increases sweat gland size and function as well as the sensitivity of the central controller; and (f) if anhidrosis associated with heat stroke is mediated centrally and/or peripherally. Central control mechanisms will be studied using the techniques of micro injection and intracerebroventricular infusion superimposed on hypothalamic heating. Measurements will include central and skin temperatures, heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma concentrations of [Na+], [K+], [Ca2+], AVP, and plasma volume and osmolarity. Peripheral mechanisms will be studied by examining the effects of different solutions, endogenous peptides, and temperatures per se on cholinergic (MCH) responsiveness of isolated cannulated eccrine sweat glands in-vitro. Heat acclimation will be achieved by exercise in the heat and housing animals at 35C. Heat tolerance tests, sweat gland structure and function, and central sensitivity to previously determined putative transmitters that participate in sweating control will be assessed. The significance of this research lies in its contribution to understanding basic physiological mechanisms underlying sweating control. It will also provide insight into why anhidrosis develops during heat stroke despite markedly elevated core temperature.

人类和帕塔斯猴子依靠汗液蒸发来调节身体 运动和热暴露期间的温度。停止汗流浃背 这些情况会导致体温过高和死亡。热的和非热的 刺激参与了出汗的控制，有证据表明 既涉及中枢机制，也涉及外周机制。非热能的 投入，水-电解质平衡的变化对 出汗的反应。然而，中央和外围设备的重要性 急性体温调节反应、中暑和中暑的调整 热适应尚不清楚。我们假设出汗的反应 对热刺激和离子渗透刺激有中枢和外周两个组成部分。 我们的具体目标是确定(A)渗透压、血液 体积，以及特定的阳离子在中央或外围作用以改变 出汗；(B)如果(A)中观察到的出汗变化是由 抗利尿激素的中枢或外周作用；(C) 可能的神经递质(S)，参与中枢控制 出汗；(D)内源性多肽在外周机制中的作用 汗腺功能；(E)如果热习服增加汗腺大小 和功能以及中央控制器的灵敏度；和(F) 如果与中暑相关的出汗是由中枢和/或 在外围。中央控制机制将使用 微量注射和脑室注射技术 叠加在下丘脑的加热上。衡量标准将包括中央 皮肤温度、心率、血压和血浆 [Na+]、[K+]、[Ca2+]、AVP浓度和血浆容量及 渗透压。将通过检查这些影响来研究外围机制 不同的溶液、内源性多肽和温度本身 离体外分泌汗胆碱能(MCH)反应 体外培养的腺体。热适应是通过在高温下锻炼来实现的。 在35摄氏度的温度下饲养动物。耐热性试验，汗腺结构 和功能，以及对先前确定的推定的中枢敏感性 将对参与出汗控制的发射器进行评估。这个 这项研究的意义在于它对理解 汗液控制的基本生理机制。它还将 洞察为什么在中暑期间会出现汗水，尽管 核心温度显著升高。