Structural Metallic Systems For Advanced Gas Turbine Applications

不断减少的资源和气候变化正迫使工程设计者以更高的效率利用材料和能源供应。有人认为，如果要避免不可逆转的变化，二氧化碳排放量必须减少60%-90%。目前，几乎所有的飞机推进和超过三分之一的英国总发电量依赖燃气轮机。与替代能源相比，它们的灵活性和效率意味着，在可预见的未来，它们在发电中的使用预计将大幅增加。同样，预计航空旅行也将大幅增长，预计到2050年，乘客数量将翻两番或三倍。在不使国家经济活动陷入停滞的情况下，实现大幅减少燃气轮机的排放，需要在非常广泛的战线上采取紧急行动。这对英国来说尤其重要。它拥有仅次于美国的欧洲最大的燃气轮机行业，包括劳斯莱斯、阿尔斯通和西门子等大型发动机制造商，以及大约3000家公司，供应合金、高完整性部件，如圆盘、叶片和轴，以及涂层和密封件。整个行业雇用了40多万人，仅在电力部门就创造了20亿美元的出口。该方案的目的是通过确定和开发基于难熔金属的材料，如钼和钴合金，同时开展短期研究，扩大镍基合金的用途，以应对这一挑战。这项工作将包括材料开发和加工、微观结构和缺陷建模、高温材料的表征和预测的协调计划，旨在回答使这些材料的潜力得以充分发挥的基本问题。为了产生足够多的研究人员，该计划汇集了来自6所大学的在必要领域具有专业知识的学者，与劳斯莱斯公司一起确保研究是适当的，并建立了一条开发途径。英国高价值工程部门的成功需要提高公众对冶金工程的总体认识，并激发热情，鼓励更多的年轻人从事科学和工程。为了解决这一问题，设计了一个重要的公众参与计划，与这一研究计划一起运行

Dwindling resources and climate change are forcing engineering designers to utilise materials and energy supplies withever-greater efficiency. It is argued that cuts in CO2 emissions of between 60-90% must be achieved if irreversibleclimate change is to be avoided.At present, almost all aircraft propulsion and over 1/3 of the UK's total generating capacity rely on gas turbines. Theirflexibility and efficiency compared with the alternatives mean that their use in power generation is predicted todramatically increase for the foreseeable future. Similarly, a substantial growth in air travel is also predicted withpassenger numbers forecast to double or triple by 2050. Achieving drastic reductions in the emissions from gas turbines,without bring national economic activity to a standstill, requires urgent activity on a very wide number of fronts. This isparticularly important for the UK. It has Europe's largest gas turbine industry, second only to the US, including majorengine makers, such as Rolls-Royce, Alstom and Siemens, together with approximately 3,000 companies supplyingalloys, high integrity components, such as discs, blades and shafts, as well as coatings and seals. The industry as awhole employs over 400,000 people and generates 2 billion in exports in the power sector alone.The aim of this programme is to meet this challenge by identifying and developing materials based on refractory metals,such as Mo and Co alloys, while carrying out shorter term research to extend the usefulness of Ni-based alloys. Thework will involve a coordinated programme of materials development and processing, microstructural and defectmodelling, characterisation and prediction of these high temperature materials designed to answer the fundamentalquestions that will enable their potential to be fully realised.To generate a critical mass of researchers, the programme brings together academics from 6 universities with expertise inthe necessary areas, together with Rolls-Royce plc to ensure the research is appropriate and to establish a route forexploitation.The success of the UK high-value engineering sector is an area in which improved public understanding is needed toimprove the perception of metallurgical engineering generally and to engender enthusiasm to encourage more youngpeople into science and engineering. To address this, a significant programme of public engagement has been designedto run alongside this research programme