The Genesis and Evolution of Metallic Ore Deposits Systems: Insights and Constraints from Mineralogy.

金属矿床系统的起源和演化：矿物学的见解和约束。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05883
• 负责人: McDonald, Andrew
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Laurentian University of Sudbury
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711845
• 关键词: Genesis; Evolution; Metallic; Ore; Deposits

Intrusion-related Au and magmatic Fe-Ni-Cu-PGE ore deposits are the most important sources of metallic minerals produced in Canada. With increasing demands being made for the strategic metals produced, there is a critical need to better understand how the minerals that host these elements and their ore deposits, form and change through time, in an effort to improve exploration methods and enhance mineral-processing techniques. To achieve this, research will be conducted into the crystal-chemistry and geological occurrence of two widespread groups of minerals: precious-metal (gold, platinum-group elements) minerals and base-metal sulfides of the pyrrhotite family. Despite the direct relevance of these mineral groups to ore deposits and the impact that a better understanding of them would have on ore-deposit research, our knowledge of what these minerals are and what they can indicate about rocks in which they develop is generally lacking. This can be attributed to: (i) their occurrence in complex intergrowths and small grain-sizes; (ii) variable, poorly defined, chemistries and crystal structures and (iii) comprehensive studies that integrate mineralogical data with geological data (structures, fluids, etc.). The proposed research is novel in scope as it will address the very basic components of ore deposits, the minerals themselves, filling knowledge gaps that exist in our understanding of the distribution and character of these minerals. The program will build upon the existing strengths and expertise of the applicant and will involve a significant training component that will increase the number of highly qualified personnel available to the mining and minerals sector. It will involve existing and novel, lab-based techniques required to address the complex, atomic-scale issues related to these minerals, complimented by larger-scope, field-based studies that will provide firm data related to the provenance and geological history of the rocks in which the minerals occur. The research goals of the program will be to: (1) document the crystal-chemical variations in precious-metal minerals and pyrrhotite that exist; (2) derive information regarding conditions of formation, based on the chemistry and crystal structures of these minerals and (3) apply the data obtained to understand how ore deposits develop and evolve through time.

与侵入有关的Au和岩浆Fe-Ni-Cu-PGE矿床是加拿大产金属矿物的最重要来源。随着对生产的战略金属的需求不断增加，迫切需要更好地了解承载这些元素的矿物及其矿藏是如何形成和随时间变化的，以努力改进勘探方法和提高选矿技术。为了实现这一目标，将对两类广泛存在的矿物的晶体化学和地质赋存状态进行研究：贵金属(金、铂族元素)矿物和磁黄铁矿家族的贱金属硫化物。尽管这些矿物群与矿床直接相关，更好地了解它们将对矿床研究产生影响，但我们对这些矿物是什么，以及它们对发育的岩石有什么指示意义的知识普遍缺乏。这可以归因于：(1)它们赋存于复杂的相互生长和小颗粒中；(2)可变的、定义不清的化学成分和晶体结构；(3)综合矿物学数据和地质数据(结构、流体等)的研究。拟议的研究在范围上是新颖的，因为它将研究矿藏的最基本成分，即矿物本身，填补我们在了解这些矿物的分布和特征方面存在的知识空白。该计划将以申请者现有的优势和专业知识为基础，并将包括一个重要的培训部分，这将增加采矿和矿产部门可用的高素质人员的数量。它将涉及解决与这些矿物有关的复杂的原子规模问题所需的现有和新颖的实验室技术，并辅之以更大范围的实地研究，这些研究将提供与矿物所在岩石的来源和地质历史有关的确凿数据。该方案的研究目标将是：(1)记录贵金属矿物和磁黄铁矿中存在的晶体化学变化；(2)根据这些矿物的化学和晶体结构，得出有关形成条件的信息；(3)应用所获得的数据，了解矿床如何随着时间的发展和演化。