BLOOD PRESSURE--LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES

目前的行为医学研究主要集中在以下方面的作用： 心理因素的发展必不可少 高血压 这在很大程度上隐含在 心理生理学的研究假设， 不同的特征血压（BP）反应压力 家庭和工作环境，以及BP的个体差异 对具有挑战性的、引起情绪的实验室任务的反应性 反映出这些差异。 本文提出的三项研究将 通过比较BP的个体差异来检验这些假设 情绪诱发实验室任务和24小时内的反应性 动态血压变异性。 前两项研究比较了 有高或低的特质愤怒，高或低的特质焦虑， 阳性或阴性高血压家族史，或临界高血压 或血压正常的偶然血压水平。 如果上述假设 高特质愤怒、高特质焦虑、 高血压阳性家族史，或临界偶发血压 水平应该显示出更大的BP反应， 任务和更高的日间动态血压水平，相比之下， 没有这些特征的群体。 第三项研究比较了 实验室任务期间BP反应性的个体差异 在急性（公开演讲） 潜在的压力性生活事件 根据假设 以上，实验室BP反应性最高的个体 应显示在动态血压的最大增幅期间， 紧张的生活事件 这些研究的结果应提供必要的支持， 重要心理生理学研究的基本假设 原发性高血压的决定因素

Current behavioral medicine research focuses on the role of psychological factors in the development of essential hypertension. Implicit in the rationale for much of this psychophysiological research are assumptions that individuals differ in characteristic blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stressful situations at home and work, and that individual differences in BP reactivity to challenging, emotion-eliciting, laboratory tasks reflect these differences. The three (3) studies proposed here will test these assumptions by comparing individual differences in BP reactivity during emotion-eliciting laboratory tasks and 24-hour ambulatory BP variability. The first two studies compare groups with either high or low trait-anger, high or low trait-anxiety, positive or negative family history of hypertension, or borderline or normotensive casual BP levels. If the assumptions above are valid, then the groups with high trait-anger, high trait-anxiety, positive family history of hypertension, or borderline casual BP levels should show both greater BP reactivity to the laboratory tasks and higher daytime ambulatory BP levels, compared to groups without these characteristics. The third study compares individual differences in BP reactivity during the laboratory tasks with ambulatory BP responses during an acute (public speaking) potentially stressful life event. According to the assumptions above, individuals with the greatest laboratory BP reactivity should show the largest increases in ambulatory BP during the stressful life event. The results of these studies should provide support needed for assumptions underlying important psychophysiological research into the determinants of essential hypertension.