BLOOD PRESSURE--LABORATORY AND FIELD STUDIES

目前的行为医学研究主要集中在 本质发展中的心理因素 高血压。隐含在这其中大部分的理由中 心理生理学研究是假设个体 不同特征的血压(BP)对压力的反应不同 家庭和工作的情况，以及BP的个体差异 对具有挑战性的、激发情绪的实验室任务的反应能力 反映这些差异。这里提出的三(3)项研究将 通过比较BP中的个体差异来检验这些假设 在激发情绪的实验室任务和24小时内的反应性 动态血压变异性。前两项研究比较了两组 或高或低特质-愤怒，或高或低特质-焦虑， 高血压阳性或阴性家族史，或有交界性 或血压正常的随意血压水平。如果上述假设是 有效，然后是高特质愤怒、高特质焦虑的群体， 阳性的高血压家族史，或临界性偶然的BP 水平应该显示出更大的BP对实验室的反应性 任务和更高的日间动态血压水平 没有这些特征的群体。第三项研究比较了 在实验室任务中BP反应性的个体差异 在急性(公开演讲)期间有动态血压反应 潜在的有压力的生活事件。根据假设 上图中，实验室中BP反应性最强的个体 应该会显示出动态血压的最大增幅 压力很大的人生大事。 这些研究的结果应提供必要的支持 重要心理生理学研究的基本假设 高血压的决定因素。

Current behavioral medicine research focuses on the role of psychological factors in the development of essential hypertension. Implicit in the rationale for much of this psychophysiological research are assumptions that individuals differ in characteristic blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stressful situations at home and work, and that individual differences in BP reactivity to challenging, emotion-eliciting, laboratory tasks reflect these differences. The three (3) studies proposed here will test these assumptions by comparing individual differences in BP reactivity during emotion-eliciting laboratory tasks and 24-hour ambulatory BP variability. The first two studies compare groups with either high or low trait-anger, high or low trait-anxiety, positive or negative family history of hypertension, or borderline or normotensive casual BP levels. If the assumptions above are valid, then the groups with high trait-anger, high trait-anxiety, positive family history of hypertension, or borderline casual BP levels should show both greater BP reactivity to the laboratory tasks and higher daytime ambulatory BP levels, compared to groups without these characteristics. The third study compares individual differences in BP reactivity during the laboratory tasks with ambulatory BP responses during an acute (public speaking) potentially stressful life event. According to the assumptions above, individuals with the greatest laboratory BP reactivity should show the largest increases in ambulatory BP during the stressful life event. The results of these studies should provide support needed for assumptions underlying important psychophysiological research into the determinants of essential hypertension.