SCHIZOPHRENIC COGNITION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

目的是加深我们对精神分裂症和其他主要疾病的认识 通过前瞻性的纵向调查，解决精神病 遵循关于思维障碍、精神病、负性的主要假说 精神分裂症的症状、预后、功能和随时间的调整： 假设1：积极思维障碍和/或精神病持续存在 大多数精神分裂症患者的特征。这一假设与最近的 提出精神分裂症是一种易发的疾病，而不是 持续的无序。 假设2：患有持续性积极思维障碍的精神分裂症患者 临床病程差、生活下坡的核型精神分裂症 调整。 假设3：阴性症状和阳性症状一样具有预测性 精神分裂症患者预后不佳。 假设4：精神分裂症患者会随着时间的推移而持续或复发，但 缓解其他精神障碍。 假设5：与最近的假设相反，现代精神分裂症患者 仍然有相对较差的结果。精神分裂症患者容易患上 持续的紊乱，而不仅仅是间歇性发作。 这项研究涉及多方面的前瞻性、纵向 思维障碍、精神病性症状、阴性症状的调查 以及随着时间的推移进行调整的主要组件，使用一组结构化的 访谈、性能测试、思维障碍测量和行为测试 收视率。 早期年轻、精神分裂症、分裂情感、躁狂和 非精神病患者正在接受纵向评估。患者有 在急性期、部分恢复期间进行了评估，并正在进行 在临终关怀后的不同阶段进行随访， 思维障碍、精神病症状和阴性症状。他们也 正在接受神经质和情感症状的评估，重新住院， 以及社会和工作适应。这些数据被用来评估一些 关于思维障碍、精神病、阴性症状、预后的理论 因素，并评估长期的临床病程和水平 现代精神分裂症的功能和适应。

The goal is to further our knowledge about schizophrenia and other major psychoses by a prospective longitudinal investigation, addressing the following major hypotheses about thought disorder, psychosis, negative symptoms, prognosis, functioning and adjustment over time in schizophrenia: Hypothesis 1: Positive thought disorder and/or psychosis are persisting features for most schizophrenics. The hypothesis runs counter to recent proposals that schizophrenia is a vulnerability to episodes, and is not a continuous disorder. Hypothesis 2: Schizophrenics with persisting positive thought disorder are nuclear schizophrenics with poor clinical courses and downhill life adjustment. Hypothesis 3: Negative symptoms are as predictive as positive symptoms of poor outcome in schizophrenia. Hypothesis 4: Psychosis persists or recurs over time in schizophrenia, but remits in other psychotic disorders. Hypothesis 5: Contrary to recent hypotheses, modern-day schizophrenics still have relatively poor outcomes. Schizophrenics are vulnerable to a sustained disorder and not just to intermittent episodes. The research involves a multifaceted prospective, longitudinal investigation of thought disorders, psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, and major components of adjustment over time, using a battery of structured interviews, performance tests, thought disorder measures, and behavioral ratings. A large sample of early young, schizophrenic, schizoaffective, manic, and nonpsychotic patients are being assessed longitudinally. Patients have been evaluated at the acute phase, during partial recovery, and are being followed up at various phases during the posthospital period, for disordered thinking, psychotic symptoms, and negative symptoms. They also are being assessed for neurotic and affective symptoms, rehospitalization, and social and work adjustment. The data are used to evaluate a number of theories about thought disorder, psychosis, negative symptoms, prognostic factors, and to assess the long-term clinical course and level of functioning and adjustment in modern-day schizophrenia.