SCHIZOPHRENIC COGNITION: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

整个研究项目的目标是进一步加深我们对 精神分裂症和其他主要精神病的前瞻性纵向研究 对大样本患者进行15年随访的调查 先前在急性期进行了前瞻性研究，并已进行了随访 在十年的时间里四次。关于以下假设 精神分裂症患者随时间变化的功能和调整以及病程 阳性症状和阴性症状的问题将得到解决。 假设1：与最近的假设相反，现代精神分裂症患者 仍然有相对较差的结果。精神分裂症患者容易患上 持续的紊乱，而不仅仅是间歇性发作。 假设2：精神病在精神分裂症患者中持续或复发，并且 在分裂情感障碍中，但在其他精神障碍中缓解。 假设3：精神分裂症患者持续存在负性缺陷症状，他们 确定一组结局不佳的精神分裂症患者。 这项研究涉及多方面的前瞻性、纵向 阳性症状和阴性症状的病程调查 随着时间的推移，心理社会功能和适应的主要组成部分， 使用一系列结构化的面试、性能测试、思考 失调症测量和行为评级。 年轻、非慢性精神分裂症和分裂情感性精神分裂症的大样本 精神障碍，双相情感障碍，单相精神抑郁，以及 对非精神障碍的评估是纵向的。患者有 在急性期、部分恢复期间进行了评估，并正在进行 在临终关怀后的不同阶段进行随访， 妄想、幻觉、思维紊乱和消极症状。 他们还接受了神经质和情感症状的评估， 再次住院，以及社会和工作调整。这些数据用于 评估一些关于精神病、思维障碍、消极情绪的理论 症状、预后因素和评估长期临床病程 以及现代精神分裂症患者的功能和适应水平。

The goal of the overall research project is to further our knowledge about schizophrenia and other major psychoses by a prospective longitudinal investigation involving a 15 year followup of a large sample of patients previously studied prospectively at the acute phase and already followed up four times over a ten year period. The following hypotheses about functioning and adjustment over time in schizophrenia, and about the course of positive and negative symptoms, will be addressed. Hypothesis 1: Contrary to recent hypotheses, modern-day schizophrenics still have relatively poor outcomes. Schizophrenics are vulnerable to a sustained disorder and not just to intermittent episodes. Hypothesis 2: Psychosis persists or recurs over time in schizophrenia, and in schizoaffective disorders, but remits in other psychotic disorders. Hypothesis 3: Negative-deficit symptoms persist in schizophrenia, and they identify a subgroup of poor outcome schizophrenics. The research involves a multi-faceted prospective, longitudinal investigation of the course of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and major components of psychosocial functioning and adjustment over time, using a battery of structured interviews, performance tests, thought disorder measures, and behavioral ratings. A large sample of young, non-chronic schizophrenic and schizoaffective disorders, bipolar affective disorders, unipolar psychotic depressives, and non-psychotic disorders are being assessed longitudinally. Patients have been evaluated at the acute phase, during partial recovery, and are being followed up at various phases during the posthospital period, for delusions, hallucinations, disordered thinking, and negative symptoms. They also are being assessed for neurotic and affective symptoms, rehospitalization, and social and work adjustment. The data are used to evaluate a number of theories about psychoses, thought disorder, negative symptoms, prognostic factors, and to assess the long-term clinical course and level of functioning and adjustment in modern-day schizophrenia.