SELF-PERPETUATING DEVELOPMENT OF ENCODING BIASES

编码偏差的自我延续发展

• 批准号: 3381968
• 负责人: PAWEL LEWICKI
• 金额: $ 12.19万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TULSA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-07-01 至 1993-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3381968
• 关键词: bias; cognition; consciousness; judgment; mathematical model; neural information processing; self concept

This research project is devoted to a basic cognitive process that leads to the gradual development of a distorted image of reality. Research sponsored by the current grant from NIMH (MH-42715) suggests that this process may play an important role in the development of perceptual biases and psychological disorders. The phenomenon to be investigated pertains to the operation of encoding algorithms (i.e., nonconscious cognitive processes responsible for "translating" objective stimuli into subjectively meaningful experiences and for triggering initial emotional responses). Findings from previous studies indicate that some encoding algorithms nonconsciously impose on stimuli certain preexisting interpretive categories or prototypes even if the stimuli "objectively" do not match the categories. This idiosyncratic interpretation of stimuli as supportive of preexisting cognitive dispositions may, in a sense, become a source of subjective experiences that are consistent with these dispositions. In this manner, the encoding algorithms (in this case the encoding bias) may gradually develop in a self-perpetuating manner. This research project is a continuation of project MH-42715, and it is partially based on experimental procedures developed for that earlier research. It is designed for a duration of three years and will address five general empirical problems regarding the nature of the self-perpetuation phenomenon and its role in human adjustment: (1) The internal organization of knowledge acquired via the self-perpetuation processes, (2) The hypothesized nature of individual differences in the self-perpetuating development of encoding dispositions and their behavioral and personality consequences, (3) The dynamics of the self-perpetuating development of encoding algorithms and the limits of the self-perpetuation phenomenon, (4) The hypothesized cognitive mechanisms that normally work to protect the cognitive system from perpetuating erroneous encoding algorithms, and (5) The role of the self-perpetuating development of encoding dispositions in the development and sustenance of depression.

这个研究项目致力于一个基本的认知过程，导致 对现实的扭曲形象的逐渐发展。 研究 由NIMH（MH-42715）目前资助的研究表明， 过程可能在知觉偏差的发展中起重要作用 和心理障碍。 要研究的现象与编码的操作有关 算法（即，无意识认知过程 将客观刺激“翻译”为主观上有意义的体验 以及用于触发初始情绪反应）。以前的调查结果 研究表明，一些编码算法无意识地强加于 刺激某些预先存在的解释类别或原型，即使 刺激“客观地”不匹配类别。这种特质 将刺激解释为支持先前存在的认知 在某种意义上，性格可能成为主观经验的来源 与这些倾向相符以这种方式，编码 算法（在这种情况下是编码偏差）可以逐渐地在一个 自我延续的方式。 该研究项目是MH-42715项目的延续， 部分是基于之前开发的实验程序 research.计划为期三年，将解决 五个一般性的经验问题的性质， 自我延续现象及其在人类适应中的作用：（1） 通过自我延续获得的知识的内部组织 （2）个体差异的假设性质 编码倾向及其行为的自我延续发展 和人格后果，（3）自我延续的动力学 编码算法的发展和自我延续的局限性 现象，（4）假设的认知机制，通常工作， 保护认知系统不受错误编码的影响 算法，和（5）自我永存的发展的作用， 在抑郁症的发展和维持中编码倾向。