Rural Hybrid Energy Enterprise Systems

农村混合能源企业系统

• 批准号: EP/J000361/1
• 负责人: Michele Clarke
• 金额: $ 342.86万
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ000361%2F1
• 关键词: Rural; Hybrid; Energy; Enterprise; Systems

About 20% of the UK population and 72% of the Indian population live in rural communities, where access to resources, amenities and services are inherently different to those of urban dwellers. Rural communities in both countries share similar challenges. Limited rural transport makes access to services difficult, time-consuming and expensive which disadvantage the poor, elderly and sick. Access to healthcare and affordable energy (for heating, cooling, cooking, refrigeration, lighting, household, IT use) is limited in rural areas and lack of employment opportunities continues to drive rural to urban migration, especially amongst young people. Universal access to clean and efficient energy sources has long been viewed as critical to global needs and expanding access to good quality, stable, energy options in rural areas is therefore essential. Not only does this help to address the problem of dependence on fossil fuels; it also enables rural areas in the UK and India to benefit from the multiplier effect of energy services on health, education, transport, telecommunications, water, sanitation as well as from investments in and the productivity of income-generating activities in agriculture, industry, and tertiary sectors. In this project we aim to develop community-scale hybrid renewable energy systems to bridge the urban-rural divide and promote a new model of sustainable rural living. Through technological innovations in small-scale energy generation coupled with appropriately tailored rural enterprise business models we will create Rural Hybrid Energy Enterprise Systems (RHEES) which can be adapted for local needs in the UK and India enabling communities to: tackle energy poverty; increase revenue generation to individuals and households; create new opportunities for rural industries; generate employment; decrease transport costs; improve socioeconomic status; and through using renewable energy technologies reduce environmental impact and promote natural resource conservation. Different forms of energy may be crucial for increasing the range, quality and productivity of income-generating activity. In rural areas biomass is one of the most versatile energy-generating options, because of the diversity of feedstocks in rural areas, the range of conversion technologies available and the potential to provide a continuous and steady flow of energy services. We aim to develop innovative, low-carbon, sustainable biomass-fuelled hybrid energy systems that utilise wastes and residues and are designed at a scale suitable for rural community implementation to be affordable and to provide enterprise opportunities through value-added by-products. Through novel research the key technological challenges required for the wide scale deployment of anaerobic digestion and gasification in rural communities combined with fuel cell technology will be met whilst employing close integration with the resource and community aspects of the proposal. By engaging end-users in all stages of the development process, we aim to develop affordable and sustainable growth of our community-scale energy solutions to bridge the urban-rural divide.

大约 20% 的英国人口和 72% 的印度人口生活在农村社区，那里获得的资源、便利设施和服务与城市居民有着本质上的不同。两国的农村社区面临着相似的挑战。农村交通有限，导致获得服务变得困难、耗时且昂贵，这对穷人、老年人和病人不利。农村地区获得医疗保健和负担得起的能源（供暖、制冷、烹饪、冷藏、照明、家庭、信息技术使用）的机会有限，而且缺乏就业机会继续推动农村人口向城市迁移，尤其是年轻人。长期以来，普遍获得清洁高效的能源一直被视为对全球需求至关重要，因此扩大农村地区获得优质、稳定的能源选择的机会至关重要。这不仅有助于解决对化石燃料的依赖问题；它还使英国和印度的农村地区能够受益于能源服务对健康、教育、交通、电信、水、卫生设施的乘数效应，以及农业、工业和第三部门创收活动的投资和生产力。在这个项目中，我们的目标是开发社区规模的混合可再生能源系统，以弥合城乡差距，促进可持续农村生活的新模式。通过小规模能源发电的技术创新，加上适当定制的农村企业商业模式，我们将创建农村混合能源企业系统（RHEES），该系统可以适应英国和印度的当地需求，使社区能够：解决能源贫困；增加个人和家庭的收入；为农村工业创造新机遇；创造就业；降低运输成本；提高社会经济地位；并通过使用可再生能源技术减少对环境的影响并促进自然资源保护。不同形式的能源对于扩大创收活动的范围、质量和生产力可能至关重要。在农村地区，生物质是最通用的能源生产选择之一，因为农村地区原料的多样性、可用的转换技术的范围以及提供连续稳定的能源服务流的潜力。我们的目标是开发创新、低碳、可持续的生物质燃料混合能源系统，该系统利用废物和残留物，并以适合农村社区实施的规模进行设计，使其负担得起，并通过增值副产品提供企业机会。通过新颖的研究，将解决在农村社区大规模部署厌氧消化和气化与燃料电池技术相结合所需的关键技术挑战，同时与该提案的资源和社区方面紧密结合。通过让最终用户参与开发过程的各个阶段，我们的目标是开发负担得起且可持续增长的社区规模能源解决方案，以弥合城乡差距。

项目成果

Renewable energy technology uptake in Kazakhstan: Policy drivers and barriers in a transitional economy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.07.057
• 发表时间: 2016-12
• 期刊: Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
• 影响因子: 15.9
• 作者: M. Karatayev;S. Hall;Yelena Kalyuzhnova;M. Clarke

Energy Poverty, Institutional Reform and Challenges of Sustainable Development: The Case of India

能源贫困、体制改革和可持续发展的挑战：印度案例

• DOI: 10.1177/1464993416688837
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Progress in Development Studies
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Jewitt S

Public understanding of, and attitudes to, local hybrid energy systems

公众对当地混合能源系统的理解和态度

• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Atkin, C.

A review of current energy systems and green energy potential in Kazakhstan

• DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.078
• 发表时间: 2016-03
• 期刊: Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews
• 影响因子: 15.9
• 作者: M. Karatayev;M. Clarke

Pan European Networks Government 9

泛欧网络政府 9

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Clarke, M.L.