Towards In-Combustion-Event Feedback (ICEF) Control by Laser Ignition

通过激光点火进行燃烧事件反馈 (ICEF) 控制

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J003573/1
负责人：
Geoffrey Dearden
金额：
$ 105.02万
依托单位：
University of Liverpool
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ003573%2F1
关键词：
Towards Combustion Event Feedback ICEF

项目摘要

The project seeks to explore the science of laser ignition (LI) based control & sensing of combustion, leading towards In-Combustion-Event Feedback (ICEF) control in future internal combustion (IC) engines. The main objectives are to pursue optimisation of LI & sensing for next generation engine configurations, to provide knowledge to extend the stratified GDI combustion envelope by cycle-to-cycle variation reduction, to enhance fuel efficiency by up to 20% & progress towards large-scale engine NOX & HC emissions reduction. The work will explore dynamically varying temporal & spatial multi-point LI, rapid real-time optical sensing of combustion signatures and robust feedback control strategies for multi-point ICEF. It is widely accepted that the IC engine will continue to be the main vehicle power plant over the next 10-15 years, before significant displacement by other technologies (such as fuel cell based plant) takes place. To meet environmental legislation requirements, automotive manufactures continue to address two critical aspects of engine performance: fuel economy & exhaust gas emissions. New engines are becoming increasingly complex, with advanced combustion mechanisms that burn an increasing range of fuels to meet future goals on performance, fuel economy and emissions. In the spark-ignition (SI) engine, the spark plug has remained largely unchanged since its invention and limits the potential for improving efficiency due to its poor ability to ignite highly dilute air-fuel mixtures. Also vital to optimising engine performance is the sensing & diagnostics for high speed feedback control, but accurate real-time in-cylinder sensing is currently prohibitively expensive. LI offers several potential solutions, including the ability to ignite highly dilute air-fuel mixtures. Due to recent laser technology advances, the range of combustion control parameters can now be widened to include laser wavelength, pulse duration, spatial & temporal optical energy distribution, single & multiple ignition events. The opportunity now exists to explore how the dynamic selection of these variables can be optimised for more efficient and cleaner combustion over the widest range of engine operating conditions. The holistic systems approach will include making use of a self-cleaned optical pathway for both LI & feedback sensing purposes, to allow information-rich monitoring and control of combustion to be explored. An extensive programme is needed to establish basic engineering science for highly optimised combustion control by LI to suit specific engine configurations, operating conditions and fuel types. The key research hypothesis is that LI is a viable route to active feedback control of combustion, both cycle-by-cycle & ultimately within the combustion event, by multi-point / event actuation & delay-free self-cleaning laser optic virtual sensing. As well as progress towards the goal of full ICEF control, it will provide shorter term exploitation potential for in cycle-by-cycle combustion feedback control. The research methods to be adopted comprise novel work in: a/ the study of LI mechanisms for combustion control by high-speed ICEF, derived from laser wavelength tuning & spatially & temporally varied energy delivery in multiple foci to suit injection mode, absorption & combustion properties of fuel mixtures; b/ simultaneous use of a self-cleaned optical pathway for real-time in-event light signature capture from LI; c/ the use of sensor data & LI mechanisms for robust optimised ICEF control; d/the use of SLMs as a means to multipoint LI; e/ the optimisation of combustion control using Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) studies. Use of the team's existing engine control facilities & liaison with FMC will allow study of rapid feedback control & its associated computer control issues, conducted through instrumented powertrain control experiments, with control strategies optimised via computational combustion research.

该项目旨在探索基于激光点火的科学（LI）对燃烧的控制和感知，从而在未来的内部燃烧发动机（IC）发动机中朝着燃烧内事件反馈（ICEF）控制。主要目的是通过减少周期到周期的变化来实现下一代发动机配置的LI＆SENSing的优化，以扩大分层的GDI燃烧信封，以扩展分层的GDI燃烧膜，以提高燃油效率高达20％，并降低大规模发动机NOX和HC发射。这项工作将探索动态变化的时间和空间多点LI，燃烧特征的快速实时光学感知以及多点ICEF的强大反馈控制策略。在未来10 - 15年内，IC发动机将继续是主要的汽车发电厂，在其他技术（例如基于燃料电池的植物）发生大量位移之前，这是广泛接受的。为了满足环境立法要求，汽车制造商继续解决发动机性能的两个关键方面：燃油经济性和排气排放。新的发动机变得越来越复杂，具有先进的燃烧机制，这些机制燃烧了越来越多的燃料，以实现有关绩效，燃油经济性和排放的未来目标。在火花点击（SI）发动机中，火花塞自发明以来一直保持不变，并限制了由于其能够点燃高稀释空气燃料混合物的能力而提高效率的潜力。对于优化发动机性能，对高速反馈控制的传感和诊断也至关重要，但是准确的实时缸内传感目前非常昂贵。李提供了几种潜在的解决方案，包括点燃高度稀释的空气燃料混合物的能力。由于最近的激光技术进步，现在可以扩大燃烧控制参数的范围，包括激光波长，脉冲持续时间，空间和时间光学能量分布，单点和多个点火事件。现在存在机会探索如何在最广泛的发动机操作条件范围内优化这些变量的动态选择，以更高效，更清洁。整体系统方法将包括利用自我清洁的光通路来实现LI和反馈感应目的，以允许探索信息丰富的监视和控制燃烧。需要广泛的计划来建立基本的工程科学，以通过LI进行高度优化的燃烧控制，以适应特定的发动机配置，操作条件和燃料类型。关键的研究假设是，LI是通过多点 /事件驱动和无延迟自我清洁激光光学的虚拟传感进行燃烧的可行途径，既可以逐行，又是燃烧事件的可行途径。除了朝着完整的ICEF控制目标的进展外，它还将为周期燃烧反馈控制提供较短的期限开发潜力。所采用的研究方法包括新的工作：A/通过高速ICEF燃烧控制的LI机制，以激光波长的调整和空间和时间多样性的能量传递得出，以适合注入模式，吸收和燃烧性能的燃料混合物； b/同时使用自我清洁的光途径，以实时从李实时签名捕获； C/使用传感器数据和LI机制来实现强大的优化ICEF控制； D/使用SLM作为多点LI的手段； E/使用直接数值模拟（DNS）研究对燃烧控制的优化。通过FMC使用团队现有的发动机控制设施和联络人，将允许研究快速反馈控制及其相关的计算机控制问题，该问题是通过仪器动力总成控制实验进行的，并通过计算燃烧研究优化了控制策略。