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Self-Organisation and Self-Assembly in Aliphatic Based Liquid Crystals

脂肪族液晶中的自组织和自组装

基本信息

批准号：
EP/J007714/1
负责人：
John Goodby
金额：
$ 85.79万
依托单位：
University of York
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ007714%2F1
关键词：
Self Organisation Assembly Aliphatic Based

项目摘要

Over the last decade LCDs have become the standard technology for mobile phones, PC monitors and televisions. Practically all of these devices are based on nematic LCs. However, the switching times of tens of milliseconds are still an issue for some video frame rate applications, particularly with future LCD-TVs expected to become more complex with the refresh rates moving towards the 200 - 400 Hz range, and applications developing from multiscreen to 3D displays. Projection devices are also set for sustained future growth, with picoprojectors fronting a new wave of applications for mobile projection devices. In particular, such devices will be incorporated into mobile telephones and PC tablets with the promised increase in bandwidth available for downloading video. Light projection will also extend to phase modulation and thus to volumetric imaging and moving holograms. For example, it was recently reported in the Sunday Times that USA scientists had developed switchable holographic devices to give Sci-Fi moving volumetric images. In the UK work on this concept was at a more advanced stage than it currently is in the USA, however, processing power and materials development were the main factors that held up progress. Since then processing power has more than doubled, but materials development has been restrained by the commercial requirements of large area flat-screen TVs. - For display and projection technologies to become realities there is a need for the development of faster switching liquid crystals.Current light emissive or back-lit displays are not particularly acceptable for outdoor applications. Both LCD and OLED displays can be overpowered in bright daylight, and are difficult to read when used in mobile telephones. Trans-reflective modes in LCDs show some possible advantages, but they are difficult to manufacture, leaving the only possibility of increasing the intensity of the light source or using light scattering mode devices, eg the Amazon Kindle. However, the world is moving towards a paperless society, and, for example, with the advent of electronic books the demise of conventional paperback appears to be inevitable. One simple advantage of E-readers over books is that they will cut down on the weight of items carried by the travelling public, particularly for air travel. Furthermore, the reduced use of paper will have additional environmental benefits. However, daylight viewing is a necessity. Although electrophoretic displays offer the advantage of being light scattering devices, and so are easy to read in full daylight, they are slow and cannot offer video-frame rate responses, and they are monochrome and do not provide colour switching. - For outdoor electronic displays to become everyday realities there is a need for the development of new device concepts. One possibility is via the light scattering modes provided by smectic liquid crystals.The major restraints on the developments of these technologies lies at the heart of the design and nature of the materials that provide the switching or phase modulation of the light. In this proposal we aim to use the technique of nanophase segregation of the inter-molecular interactions in the chemical design of responsive materials in order to provide self-assembled systems with faster switching coupled with a possibility for providing superior light scattering properties.

在过去的十年中，lcd已经成为手机、电脑显示器和电视的标准技术。实际上，所有这些设备都是基于向列式LCs。然而，对于一些视频帧率应用来说，几十毫秒的切换时间仍然是一个问题，特别是未来的lcd电视随着刷新率向200 - 400hz范围移动而变得更加复杂，以及应用从多屏幕向3D显示发展。投影设备也将在未来持续增长，微型投影仪将迎来移动投影设备的新浪潮。特别是，这种设备将被整合到移动电话和个人电脑平板电脑中，并承诺增加可用的带宽，用于下载视频。光投影也将扩展到相位调制，从而扩展到体积成像和移动全息图。例如，《星期日泰晤士报》最近报道说，美国科学家已经开发出可切换的全息设备，可以为科幻小说提供移动的体积图像。在英国，这一概念的研究工作比目前在美国处于更先进的阶段，然而，处理能力和材料开发是阻碍进展的主要因素。从那时起，处理能力增加了一倍多，但材料的开发受到了大面积平板电视的商业需求的限制。为了使显示和投影技术成为现实，需要开发更快的开关液晶。目前的光发射或背光显示并不特别适合户外应用。液晶显示器和有机发光二极管显示器在明亮的日光下都可能过度供电，并且在移动电话中使用时难以读取。lcd中的反反射模式显示出一些可能的优势，但它们很难制造，留下的唯一可能性是增加光源强度或使用光散射模式设备，例如亚马逊Kindle。然而，世界正在走向无纸化社会，例如，随着电子书的出现，传统平装书的消亡似乎是不可避免的。与书本相比，电子阅读器的一个简单优势是，它们可以减轻旅行人群携带的物品的重量，尤其是在航空旅行中。此外，减少纸张的使用将有额外的环境效益。然而，白天观看是必要的。尽管电泳显示器提供了光散射设备的优势，因此在日光下很容易读取，但它们速度很慢，不能提供视频帧速率响应，而且它们是单色的，不提供颜色切换。为了使户外电子显示器成为日常生活的现实，需要开发新的设备概念。一种可能性是通过近晶液晶提供的光散射模式。这些技术发展的主要限制在于提供光的开关或相位调制的材料的设计和性质的核心。在本提案中，我们的目标是在响应材料的化学设计中使用分子间相互作用的纳米相分离技术，以便提供具有更快开关的自组装系统，并有可能提供优越的光散射特性。