Adsorption Materials and Processes for Carbon Capture from Gas-Fired Power Plants - AMPGas

用于燃气发电厂碳捕获的吸附材料和工艺 - AMPGas

• 批准号: EP/J02077X/1
• 负责人: Stefano Brandani
• 金额: $ 141.6万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2012 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FJ02077X%2F1
• 关键词: Adsorption; Materials; Processes; Carbon; Capture

The 2008 Climate Change Act sets a legally binding target of 80% CO2 emissions reductions by 2050. To meet this challenge the UK Climate Change Committee (CCC) issues regular carbon budgets with recommendations on the way in which the UK needs to reduce its emissions. In its 2010 4th carbon budget, there is a clear plan for power sector decarbonation to 2030, by investing in 30-40 GW of low carbon capacity with a value of the order of £100 billion. This would drive average emissions from generation down to around 50gCO2/kWh by 2030 and includes 4 CCS demonstration plants by 2020. The CCC recognises the key role for the UK of gas fired power plants: 46% of current electricity generation and 35% of emissions are from gas. It also identifies CCS retrofit as an attractive option for existing CCGT plants, indicating that 20GW of plant currently on the system would be suitable for retrofit in the 2020s, together with any plant added over the next decade (10-15 GW). CCGT plants are likely to contribute 25% of electricity generation in the 2030s. Roughly 2/3 of CCS costs lie in the capture process and it is here that the greatest opportunities for savings lie. Therefore, the Government is supporting research to develop improved and lower cost processes and equipment and this proposal is directly aligned with this aim in order to support the UK economy and help the UK take the lead in this emerging technology over the next 10 to 20 years.In line with the CCC recommendations the focus of this proposal is on capture technology for retrofit to existing CCGT plants. We propose to develop next generation enhanced capture technology and in particular reduce plant size through novel advanced adsorbents and the optimisation of fast cycle thermal regeneration using rotary wheel adsorbers.Research challenge - The key challenge in post combustion capture from gas fired power plants is due to the low CO2 concentration in the flue gas, approximately 4% by volume. This means that conventional amine processes will have a large energy penalty and the presence of high concentration of oxygen leads to high amine deactivation rates. Novel adsorbents and adsorption processes have the potential to improve the efficiency of the separation process. Given the very low CO2 partial pressure in the flue gas, the selection of novel adsorbents is very different from the equivalent approach to coal fired power plants. The adsorbents will have to have a very high selectivity to achieve good capture capacity with dilute mixtures. As a result these materials will have to be based either on very strong physisorption or chemisorption and the regeneration will have to be by thermal cycling. This poses the engineering challenge of developing a process that will achieve rapid thermal swings of the order of a few minutes, which is over an order of magnitude faster than traditional Thermal Swing Adsorption (TSA) fixed bed processes. We plan an ambitious programme of work that will address both materials and process development for carbon capture from gas fired power plants.

2008年气候变化法案设定了到2050年减少80%二氧化碳排放的具有法律约束力的目标。为了应对这一挑战，英国气候变化委员会（CCC）定期发布碳预算，并就英国需要减少排放的方式提出建议。在其2010年第四次碳预算中，有一个明确的电力部门脱碳计划，到2030年，通过投资30-40吉瓦的低碳容量，价值约为1000亿英镑。到2030年，这将使发电的平均排放量降至约50 gCO 2/kWh，并在2020年之前包括4个CCS示范工厂。CCC认识到燃气发电厂在英国的关键作用：目前46%的发电量和35%的排放量来自天然气。它还将CCS改造确定为现有CCGT电厂的一个有吸引力的选择，表明该系统目前的20 GW电厂将适合在2020年代进行改造，以及未来十年增加的任何电厂（10-15 GW）。CCGT电厂可能在2030年代贡献25%的发电量。大约2/3的CCS成本在于捕获过程，这是节省成本的最大机会。因此，政府正在支持研究开发更好的和更低成本的工艺和设备，本提案与这一目标直接一致，以支持英国经济，并帮助英国在未来10至20年内在这一新兴技术方面处于领先地位。根据CCC建议，本提案的重点是对现有CCGT工厂进行改造的捕获技术。我们建议开发下一代增强捕获技术，特别是通过新型先进吸附剂和优化使用转轮吸附器的快速循环热再生来缩小工厂规模。研究挑战-燃气发电厂燃烧后捕获的关键挑战是由于烟道气中的CO2浓度低，约为4%（体积）。这意味着常规胺方法将具有大的能量损失，并且高浓度氧的存在导致高胺失活速率。新型吸附剂和吸附工艺具有提高分离工艺效率的潜力。鉴于烟气中的CO2分压非常低，新型吸附剂的选择与燃煤电厂的等效方法非常不同。吸附剂必须具有非常高的选择性，以实现对稀混合物的良好捕获能力。因此，这些材料必须基于非常强的物理吸附或化学吸附，并且必须通过热循环进行再生。这提出了开发将实现几分钟量级的快速热摆动的工艺的工程挑战，这比传统的变温吸附（TSA）固定床工艺快一个数量级。我们计划一项雄心勃勃的工作计划，将解决天然气发电厂碳捕获的材料和工艺开发。

项目成果

Comparison of amine-impregnated mesoporous carbon with microporous activated carbon and 13X zeolite for biogas purification

• DOI: 10.1007/s10934-017-0387-0
• 发表时间: 2017-02
• 期刊: Journal of Porous Materials
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: J. A. Gibson;A. Gromov;Stefano Brandani;Eleanor E. B. Campbell;Eleanor E. B. Campbell

Automatic estimation of kinetic and isotherm parameters from ZLC experiments

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.12.062
• 发表时间: 2015-04-14
• 期刊: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 4.7
• 作者: Friedrich, Daniel;Mangano, Enzo;Brandani, Stefano
• 通讯作者: Brandani, Stefano

The effect of pore structure on the CO2 adsorption efficiency of polyamine impregnated porous carbons

• DOI: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2015.01.044
• 发表时间: 2015-05-15
• 期刊: MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Gibson, J. A. Arran;Gromov, Andrei V.;Campbell, Eleanor E. B.
• 通讯作者: Campbell, Eleanor E. B.

Structural changes of synthetic paulingite (Na,H-ECR-18) upon dehydration and CO 2 adsorption

合成坡岭石(Na,H-ECR-18)脱水和CO 2 吸附后的结构变化

• DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2014-1824
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials
• 作者: Greenaway A

In situ synchrotron IR microspectroscopy of CO2 adsorption on single crystals of the functionalized MOF Sc2(BDC-NH2)3.

• DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408369
• 发表时间: 2014-12-01
• 期刊: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
• 作者: Greenaway A;Gonzalez-Santiago B;Donaldson PM;Frogley MD;Cinque G;Sotelo J;Moggach S;Shiko E;Brandani S;Howe RF;Wright PA
• 通讯作者: Wright PA