STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VESTIBULOCOLLIC NEURONS

前庭-颈、前庭-眼和前庭-眼的结构和功能 在成年松鼠猴中研究了前庭眼丘（VOC）神经元 明确它们在前庭控制颈眼协调中的作用 关于凝视。这些神经元，尤其是VOC细胞， 表示眼睛与头部和颈部之间的可能界面。 直接的目的是了解信息内容，维斯头部 运动，由初级前庭传入这些次级 神经元具体地，使用电生理学范例（27）和 用生物胞素标记短潜伏期突触输入 不规则和规则传入的轮廓，具有不同的反应 动态到头部加速度，到参与不同的神经元， 前庭中继通路是在麻醉和瘫痪的 猴子.参与脊髓反射通路的前庭神经元 进一步通过识别头部旋转的轴来表征，即， 半规管，影响细胞并轴突内标记 用生物胞素来解析他们的脑干和脊髓内侧支 分支供应选定的颈部肌肉的运动神经元池是 逆行标记以指定这些肌肉的颈部组织 组，并评估前庭神经元的贡献， 和控制特定反射和动力学的外在脊髓回路 头部运动的调节。最后，在受过训练的警觉的猴子身上， 不同类别的前庭神经元是通过正交和 逆向刺激，并在正弦头期间研究其放电 旋转，以确定头部运动动力学从传入 到细胞。这些细胞的特征还在于它们的眼睛 在自发扫描、追踪跟踪期间的运动相关信号， 视动诱发的眼球运动。初步数据显示，出乎意料的是， 前庭脊髓神经元受到意志和 反射引起的眼球运动由于它们的不同传入输入， 侧支分支和凝视信号，假设 前庭细胞参与颈-眼的不同功能 协调和注视控制。这些研究的长期目标是 了解前庭和颈部本体感受的确切作用 系统在实现最终的凝视方向的人，和 临床实践中发现的影响颈眼协调的疾病 耳鼻喉科及相关服务。

The structure and function of vestibulo-collic, vestibulo-ocular, and vestibulo-ocular-collic (VOC) neurons are studied in adult squirrel monkeys to specify their roles in the vestibular control of neck-eye coordination in relation to gaze. These neurons, and particularly the VOC cells, represent the possible interfaces between the eyes and the head and neck. The immediate aim is to understand the information content, vis-a-vis head movement, supplied by primary vestibular afferents to these secondary neurons. Specifically, using an electrophysiological paradigm (27) and intrasomatic labeling with biocytin, the short-latency synaptic input profile of irregular and regular afferents, which have distinct response dynamics to head acceleration, to neurons participating in the different vestibular relay pathways is determined in the anesthetized and paralyzed monkey. The vestibular neurons contributing to the spinal reflex pathways are further characterized by identifying the axis of head rotation, viz. the semicircular canal, that influences the cell and intra-axonally labeled with biocytin to resolve their exact brainstem and intraspinal collateral arborizations. The motoneuronal pools supplying selected neck muscles are retrogradely labeled to specify the cervical organization of these muscle groups, and to evaluate the contribution of vestibular neurons to intrinsic and extrinsic spinal circuits controlling specific reflex and dynamic regulation of head movement. Finally, in the trained, alert monkey the diverse classes of vestibular neurons are identified by ortho- and antidromic stimulation, and their discharge studied during sinusoidal head rotation to determine the transfer of head movement dynamics from afferent to cell. The cells are further characterized by identifying their eye movement-related signals during spontaneous scanning, pursuit tracking, and optokinetic-induced eye movements. Preliminary data show, unexpectedly, that vestibulospinal neurons are differentially affected by volitional and reflex-induced eye movements. Because of their differential afferent input, collateral arborizations and gaze signals, it is hypothesized that the vestibular cells participate in dissimilar operations of neck-eye coordination and gaze control. The long-term goal of these studies is to understand the precise role of the vestibular and neck proprioceptive systems in the achievement of final gaze orientation in man, and the disorders affecting neck-eye coordination seen in the clinical practices of Otolaryngology and related services.