Compressive Sensing for Wireless Vibration-Based Structural Health Monitoring of Civil Engineering Structures

土木工程结构健康监测（建筑物、桥梁、风力涡轮机、水坝、桅杆等）旨在评估其结构完整性和性能，并检测由i）日常使用荷载、ii）多年来暴露于环境影响和/或iii）极端/意外荷载（无论是自然荷载还是（如洪水、飓风和地震）或人为的（如爆炸和交通事故）。正如英国2011年国家基础设施计划所确定的那样，投资民用基础设施是实现全国金融增长和繁荣的关键优先事项，这一声明适用于全球。开发新的SHM工具，以促进民用基础设施所有者、地方当局、国家机构和政府就现有基础设施的翻新、改造、升级或更换行动做出更明智的决策，对于适当引导民用基础设施投资至关重要。在这种情况下，拟议的研究认为，从新兴领域的压缩传感（CS）的概念，开发新的结构状态评估和损伤检测算法的土木工程结构的振动SHM。这些SHM算法支持使用的传感器阵列，将CS为基础的数据采集硬件设备，这还没有被认为是在土木工程结构的无线SHM之前。这种设备还没有商业化，但现有的几个原型显示，它产生更简单，更实惠，更不显眼的传感器。因此，该项目为新一代无线传感器的变革性技术进步铺平了道路，使i）具有成本效益的常规/定期SHM老化基础设施，以及ii）在自然和人为灾害后对大量结构进行快速完整性评估。

Structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil engineering structures (buildings, bridges, wind turbines, dams, masts etc) aims to assess their structural integrity and performance and to detect potential damage induced by i) daily service loads, ii) exposure to environmental effects over the years and/or iii) extreme/accidental loads, either natural (e.g. floods, hurricanes and earthquakes) or man-made (e.g. explosions and traffic accidents). As identified in the UK's 2011 National Infrastructure Plan, investing in civil infrastructure is a key priority to achieve Nation-wide financial growth and prosperity, a statement which applies globally. Developing new SHM tools to facilitate better informed decisions by civil infrastructure owners, local authorities, National agencies, and Governments on taking refurbishment, retrofitting, upgrade, or replacement actions for existing infrastructure is of utmost importance to appropriately channel investments in civil infrastructure. In this context, the proposed research considers concepts from the emerging field of compressive sensing (CS) to develop novel structural condition assessment and damage detection algorithms for vibration-based SHM of civil engineering structures. These SHM algorithms support the use of arrays of sensors incorporating CS-based data acquisition hardware equipment which has not been considered before in wireless SHM of civil engineering structures. Such equipment is not commercially available yet, but the few existing prototypes showcase that it yields simpler, more affordable, and less obtrusive sensors. Therefore, this project paves the way for transformative technological advancements towards a new breed of wireless sensors enabling i) cost-effective routine/periodic SHM for ageing infrastructure, and ii) rapid integrity assessment of large number of structures in the aftermath of natural and man-made disasters.