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Multi-objective performance-based design of tall buildings using energy harvesting enabled tuned mass-damper-inerter (TMDI) devices

使用支持能量收集的调谐质量阻尼惰性器 (TMDI) 设备进行基于多目标性能的高层建筑设计

基本信息

批准号：
EP/M017621/1
负责人：
Agathoklis Giaralis
金额：
$ 31.95万
依托单位：
City, University of London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM017621%2F1
关键词：
Multi objective performance based design

项目摘要

This project focuses on wind and/or earthquake excited buildings whose oscillatory motion is controlled via, the commonly used, tuned-mass-damper (TMD): an additional free-to-vibrate mass mounted to the top of buildings via springs and viscous dampers. TMDs are optimally designed (tuned) such that kinetic energy is transferred from the building ("primary structure") to the TMD mass and dissipated by dampers. In general, larger TMD mass achieves better vibration suppression, but this is limited by architectural and structural (weight) constraints. Control of wind induced vibrations require TMD mass of 1%-5% of total building mass and this ratio can reach up to 15-20% or more for severe earthquake excitations.The project:-exploits the mass amplification effect of flywheel-based mass amplification devices (MADs) to achieve different apparent mass for the TMD+MAD configuration without changing the TMD weight; -explores the potential of energy harvesting from wind-induced building vibrations by containing the MAD's flywheel within a magnetic field such that rotational kinetic energy is transformed into electric energy;-establishes a "pro-active" control paradigm within a multi-objective performance-based structural design framework: the apparent mass of the TMD+MAD changes through gearing according to pre-set "optimally" tuned values for different objectives such as optimal vibration suppression at serviceability state for user comfort- "medium" apparent mass; maximization of energy harvesting during off-hours in office buildings- "low" apparent mass; minimisation of potential for structural damage at ultimate state {extreme wind fronts/downbursts or earthquakes}- "large" apparent mass). These changes can be "programmable" and informed by weather forecast and/or by early warning earthquake systems achieving "smart"/adaptive, energy efficient and resilient structures.The proposed research idea is potentially transformative because it:1)will allow for ever-more slender, taller, cost-effective, and aesthetically pleasing tall buildings in congested urban environments (e.g., London, Tokyo, NY, etc. where land use optimisation is essential) through the ability to control wind-induced (and/or earthquake) oscillations by more lightweight TMDs compared to the ones used today. These buildings will also be safer in more aggressive climate environments and with lower CO2 footprint through effective energy harvesting from large amplitude oscillations.2)will change the "purpose" and functionality of building structures. Through the pro-active control framework, an office building can be designed to ensure absolute comfort to occupants during work hours even under future ever extreme climate change-induced winds for whichit has not been initially been built for. During off-hours the same structure becomes a flexible cantilever producing renewable energy from wind. The potential ultimate impact ot the project is:-TECHNOLOGICAL: sparkling considerable new technological R&D and commercialisation opportunities for UK and international manufacturers of vibration suppression and energy harvesting equipment for civil and mechanical/automotive applications globally. SOCIETAL: enhancing infrastructure users' comfort, aesthetics, and structural safety and resiliency under future aggressive environments due to climate change. ECONOMICAL: stimulating the manufacturing sector, the construction industry, and the engineering consultancies towards world-class structures optimally designed for energy harvesting and vibration control; enhancing existing and future infrastructure value and economic life-cycle. ENVIRONMENTAL: reducing energy use and CO2 footprint of buildings through optimum wind energy harvesting, less material usage, and better land usage since more tall buildings can be built in a cost-effective manner.

该项目的重点是风和/或地震激励的建筑物，其振动运动是通过控制，常用的，调谐质量阻尼器（TMD）：一个额外的自由振动质量安装在建筑物的顶部通过弹簧和粘滞阻尼器。TMD被优化设计（调谐），使得动能从建筑物（“主结构”）转移到TMD质量并由阻尼器耗散。一般来说，较大的TMD质量可以实现更好的振动抑制，但这受到建筑和结构（重量）约束的限制。控制风振需要TMD质量占建筑总质量的1%-5%，在强烈地震作用下，TMD质量占建筑总质量的比例可达15%-20%或更高。本项目利用飞轮质量放大装置（MAD）的质量放大效应，在不改变TMD质量的情况下，实现TMD+MAD结构的不同视质量;- 探索风能收集的潜力-通过将MAD的飞轮包含在磁场内以使旋转动能转化为电能来诱发建筑物振动;- 在基于性能的多目标结构设计框架内建立“主动”控制范例：TMD+MAD的表观质量根据不同目标的预设“最佳”调谐值通过传动装置改变，例如在使用状态下的最佳振动抑制，以获得用户舒适度-“中等”表观质量;在办公楼的非工作时间期间能量收集的最大化-“低”表观质量;在极限状态（极端风锋/下击暴流或地震）下结构损坏的可能性的最小化-“大”表观质量）。这些变化可以是“可编程的”，并通过天气预报和/或早期预警地震系统获得信息，从而实现“智能”/自适应、节能和弹性结构。所提出的研究思路具有潜在的变革性，因为它：1）将允许在拥挤的城市环境中建造更细长、更高、更具成本效益和美观的高层建筑（例如，伦敦、东京、纽约等，其中土地使用优化是必不可少的），通过与目前使用的TMD相比更轻的TMD来控制风引起的（和/或地震）振荡的能力。这些建筑物在更恶劣的气候环境中也将更安全，并且通过从大幅振荡中有效收集能量来减少二氧化碳排放量。2）将改变建筑结构的“目的”和功能。通过主动控制框架，办公楼的设计可以确保员工在工作时间内的绝对舒适，即使在未来极端气候变化引起的风中，这在最初的建造中并不存在。在下班时间，同样的结构变成了一个灵活的悬臂，从风能中产生可再生能源。该项目的潜在最终影响是：-创新：为英国和全球民用和机械/汽车应用的振动抑制和能量收集设备制造商带来相当多的新技术研发和商业化机会。社会：提高基础设施用户在未来气候变化导致的恶劣环境下的舒适度、美观性以及结构安全性和弹性。经济型：刺激制造业、建筑业和工程咨询公司开发世界一流的结构，以实现能量收集和振动控制的最佳设计;提高现有和未来基础设施的价值和经济生命周期。环境：通过最佳的风能收集、更少的材料使用和更好的土地利用，减少建筑物的能源使用和二氧化碳足迹，因为可以以具有成本效益的方式建造更多的高层建筑。