NATURAL SKIN SENSORS FOR NEUROMOTOR PROSTHESES CONTROL

用于神经运动假肢控制的天然皮肤传感器

• 批准号: 3413726
• 负责人: RONALD Raymond RISO
• 金额: $ 8.68万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-08-01 至 1992-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3413726
• 关键词: clinical biomedical equipment; cutaneous sensory nerve; electronic stimulator; evoked potentials; fingers; hand; human subject; magnetic recording system; mechanoreceptors; microelectrodes; nervous system prosthesis; neuromuscular disorder; spinal cord injury

Recent studies demonstrate that grip strength during everyday grasping activities is precisely regulated in an automatic manner to match the load of the grasped object and the frictional conditions present on the skin. Information from cutaneous tactile receptors is primarily responsible for this regulation. The objectives of this proposed applied research project are: 1) to elucidate the roles of cutaneous tactile receptors in controlling human grasp; 2) to determine if viable tactile responses can be obtained from cutaneous afferents in the quadriplegic hand; and 3) to determine if the responses of these natural sensors can be used to enhance the controlability of FNS neuromotor prostheses systems that restore grasp function in handicapped individuals who have paralyzed or asensory hands. The project utilizes percutaneous microneurography of the median nerve to directly study the responses of cutaneous afferents of the human hand. Initial studies will be performed with normal subjects while they grip an instrumented object attached to a servo controlled puller. The response specificity of identified tactile afferents will be studied for effects of stimulus rate, amplitude, direction of pull, and the interaction of simultaneous normal and shear forces applied to the skin. In addition to interaction of simultaneous normal and shear forces applied to the skin. In addition to single unit analyses, nerve records will be root mean square processed to determine if the massed activity from the recorded fascical can be used to estimate the average normal forces applied to the skin. The viability of the tactile afferents in the hands of C5 and C6 spinal injury patients will be studied using evoked potentials recorded from the median, ulnar and radial nerves to stimulation of the digital nerves. After establishing the patency of these patients major nerves, tactile afferents in the median nerve will be studied using microneurography while the skin of the fingers is mechanically stimulated. The final aspect of the project seeks to determine if the activity recorded using cuff electrode temporarily installed around the common digital nerve in a quadriplegic patient's hand can be used to estimate the magnitude of mechanical stimuli applied to the appropriate finger tip skin.

最近的研究表明，日常抓握时的握力 以自动方式精确调节活动以匹配负载 所抓取的物体以及皮肤上存在的摩擦条件。 来自皮肤触觉感受器的信息主要负责 本规定。 该拟议应用研究项目的目标是： 1）阐明皮肤触觉感受器在控制中的作用 人类的把握； 2）确定是否可以从皮肤获得可行的触觉反应 四肢瘫痪手的传入神经； 3) 确定响应是否 这些天然传感器可用于增强 FNS 的可控性 恢复残疾人抓握功能的神经运动假体系统 双手瘫痪或失去知觉的人。 该项目利用正中神经的经皮显微神经造影 直接研究人手皮肤传入的反应。 初步研究将在正常受试者握有一个 连接到伺服控制拉拔器的仪表对象。回应 将研究已识别触觉传入的特异性，以了解其影响 刺激速率、幅度、拉力方向以及相互作用 同时向皮肤施加法向力和剪切力。此外 同时施加到皮肤的法向力和剪切力的相互作用。在 除了单个单元分析之外，神经记录将采用均方根 进行处理以确定记录的筋膜的集中活动是否 可用于估计施加到皮肤的平均法向力。这 C5 和 C6 脊髓损伤手中触觉传入的活力 将使用中位数记录的诱发电位对患者进行研究， 尺神经和桡神经刺激指神经。后 建立这些患者主要神经、触觉传入的通畅 将使用显微神经造影术研究正中神经，而皮肤 手指受到机械刺激。 该项目的最后一个方面旨在确定活动是否被记录 使用临时安装在常见指神经周围的袖带电极 在四肢瘫痪患者的手上可以用来估计 机械刺激施加到适当的指尖皮肤。