PORTRAYAL OF ALCOHOL USE AND ABUSE IN CARTOONS

动画片中酒精使用和滥用的描绘

• 批准号: 3422261
• 负责人: HUGH A KLEIN
• 金额: $ 1.1万
• 依托单位: NOVA RESEARCH COMPANY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-01-01 至 1993-06-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3422261
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse education; attitude; child (0-11); television

Much research has been done since the 1950s to establish the effects of watching television on viewers. While by no means is this research conclusive, many researchers have found a strong relationship between viewing television and subsequent effects (e.g. , increased aggressiveness) in heavy viewers. One area that has received comparatively little attention by scholars is children's programming, in particular animated cartoons. Several authors, however, have determined that children are especially susceptible to media messages. It is therefore important to study what cartoons 'tell' viewers in order to determine how this medium influences young people's mental health by affecting how they come to view, understand, and interpret the world around them. This study will investigate the depiction of alcoholic beverage use and abuse in children's animated cartoons during the period 1930-1990. Among the topics of study in these cartoons are (1) how often and how much alcohol use is portrayed, (2) which alcoholic beverages are used most/least often by cartoon characters, (3) what traits (e.g. , gender, age, race) are associated with alcohol consumption, (4) the contexts in which drinking usually occurs, (5) the reason(s) given for characters' drinking, (6) the effects that are shown to result from alcohol consumption, and (7) what, if any, positive or negative consequences are shown to result from drinking. To enable the researchers to (1) study the overall messages provided by the cartoons regarding alcoholic beverage use, and (2) determine if these messages have changed during the 60 years under study, a stratified random sample of all cartoons produced by all of the major animation studios in operation since 1930 will be drawn. This will yield a sample of 1,300 cartoons with more than 3,000 character codings. The method of analysis will be content analysis using predesigned, pretested (and pilot tested), fixed-format coding forms.

自20世纪50年代以来，人们进行了大量研究，以确定 在观众面前看电视。虽然这项研究并不是 结论是，许多研究人员发现， 观看电视和随后的效果(例如，增加 攻击性)在大量观众中。一个地区已经收到了 相对较少的学者关注的是儿童编程，在 特别的动画片。 然而，几位作者已经确定，儿童尤其是 容易受到媒体信息的影响。因此，研究什么是重要的 动画片“告诉”观众，以确定这一媒介如何影响 年轻人的心理健康通过影响他们如何看待， 理解并解释他们周围的世界。这项研究将 调查中对酒精饮料使用和滥用的描述 1930年至1990年期间的儿童动画片。在这些人中 这些卡通片的研究主题是：(1)饮酒的频率和程度 使用情况：(2)哪种酒精饮料使用最多/最少 通过卡通人物，(3)什么特征(例如，性别、年龄、种族) 与饮酒有关，(4)饮酒的环境 通常发生的，(5)给出的人物饮酒的原因(S)，(6) 饮酒所产生的影响，以及(7)什么， 如果有，则会产生积极或消极的后果 喝酒。 使研究人员能够(1)研究由提供的总体信息 关于酒精饮料使用的漫画，以及(2)确定这些 在研究的60年中，信息发生了变化，分层 所有主要动画制作的所有卡通的随机样本 自1930年以来运营的工作室将被抽出。这将产生一个样本 1300部动画片，3000多个字符编码。其方法是 分析将使用预先设计、预先测试(和试点)的内容分析 测试)、固定格式编码表。