Quantum-enabled Enhancements in presence of Noise (QueEN)

存在噪声时的量子增强 (QueEN)

• 批准号: EP/K04057X/1
• 负责人: Animesh Datta
• 金额: $ 112.52万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK04057X%2F1
• 关键词: Quantum; enabled; Enhancements; presence; Noise

The written word is one of the greatest inventions of the human mind. From clay tablets, through papyrus, paper, punch-cards, onto the magnetic hard-disks of computers, each has represented a revolutionary method of recording information -- a transformation in human civilisation. Allied to each of these, the ways of processing and transferring information have undergone dramatic changes. The latest in this line of change and innovation is our digital information age. This phenomenal advance it is not the culmination of our endeavours, and yet greater advances can be achieved by harnessing the idea that information is not an ephemeral notion, but an integral part of physical reality.The best known theory describing physical reality is quantum physics, and this promises to be the next disruptive transformation in the process of recording, processing, transferring and even acquiring information. Quantum information science (QIS) has already demonstrated, in proof-of-principle experiments, the promise of super-efficient computation, unconditionally secure communication, super-precise measurements, and much more. These enhanced capabilities rely on the existence of quantum entanglement. Unfortunately, the laws of physics that underlie entanglement also make it extremely fragile and vulnerable. And this chasm divides the principle and practice of QIS.My research will bridge this gap - by designing quantum protocols that rely on resilient forms of quantum correlations, using them to develop quantum enhanced measurement and communication protocols. To learn more about the resilience of nonclassical correlations, I will study their evolution in the noisiest of environments - a biological molecule. It will inform our ability to manipulate and maintain nonclassical correlations in noisy environments, and allow us to study the role of quantum mechanics in biological processes.Robustness and scalability will be a central aspect in the design of the protocols developed in this project, and I will work closely with experimentalists to bring these advantages to the real world. I will concentrate on two particular applications. The first of these is quantum-enhanced precision measurements. It is known that quantum mechanics can measure single parameters with precisions impossible classically. Measuring several parameters simultaneously is however a very sophisticated problem, and forms the basis of sophisticated applications such as the development of microscopes and cameras. Not much is known about the quantum theory of measuring multiple parameters simultaneously, and my project will develop this mathematical theory. This will be followed by experiments demonstrating the quantum advantages promised by the theoretical developments - first in laboratory settings, and then in-situ biological samples.My second objective is to develop quantum communication protocols relying resilient quantum correlations that are less fragile than quantum entanglement. I will begin by developing the theoretical principles underpinning recently identified forms of robust, nonclassical correlations such as quantum discord, which can provide quantum enhanced performance. This will enable the optimal manipulation of these correlations to deliver quantum advantages in the real world.Finally, I will study nonclassical correlations in a very noisy biological system called a light-harvesting complex, a molecule transferring solar energy absorbed by photosynthetic organisms to a chemical reaction centre, being ~ 99% efficient. Clearer understanding of this process could have immense ramifications in developing artificial systems that can harness solar energy better than our best solar cells, which only operate at ~ 30% efficiency. Beyond this major technological and correspondingly societal change, my research will explore the intriguing question of whether quantum mechanical effects are directly used to confer selective advantage in life processes.

文字是人类最伟大的发明之一。从泥板，到纸莎草纸、纸张、打孔卡，再到电脑的硬盘，每一种都代表了一种革命性的记录信息的方法——人类文明的一次变革。与这些相关的是，处理和传递信息的方式发生了巨大的变化。最新的变化和创新是我们的数字信息时代。这一惊人的进步并不是我们努力的顶点，但更大的进步可以通过利用信息不是一个短暂的概念，而是物理现实的一个组成部分的想法来实现。描述物理现实的最著名的理论是量子物理学，它有望成为记录、处理、传输甚至获取信息过程中的下一个颠覆性变革。量子信息科学（QIS）已经在原理验证实验中证明了超高效计算、无条件安全通信、超精确测量等等的前景。这些增强的能力依赖于量子纠缠的存在。不幸的是，纠缠背后的物理定律也使它变得极其脆弱和脆弱。这条鸿沟将QIS的原则与实践分隔开来。我的研究将通过设计依赖于量子关联的弹性形式的量子协议，利用它们来开发量子增强的测量和通信协议，来弥合这一差距。为了更多地了解非经典相关性的弹性，我将研究它们在最嘈杂的环境中的进化——一种生物分子。它将告诉我们在嘈杂环境中操纵和维持非经典相关性的能力，并允许我们研究量子力学在生物过程中的作用。鲁棒性和可扩展性将是本项目中开发的协议设计的核心方面，我将与实验人员密切合作，将这些优势带到现实世界中。我将集中讨论两个特定的应用程序。第一个是量子增强精度测量。众所周知，量子力学能够以经典方法无法达到的精度测量单个参数。然而，同时测量几个参数是一个非常复杂的问题，它构成了诸如显微镜和照相机等复杂应用的基础。我们对同时测量多个参数的量子理论知之甚少，而我的项目将发展这一数学理论。随后将进行实验，证明理论发展所承诺的量子优势——首先在实验室环境中，然后在现场生物样品中。我的第二个目标是开发依赖弹性量子关联的量子通信协议，这种关联比量子纠缠更不脆弱。我将首先发展支撑最近确定的鲁棒非经典相关形式的理论原理，例如量子不和谐，它可以提供量子增强的性能。这将使这些相关性的最佳操作能够在现实世界中提供量子优势。最后，我将研究一个非常嘈杂的生物系统中的非经典相关性，称为光收集复合体，一个分子将光合生物吸收的太阳能转移到化学反应中心，效率约为99%。对这一过程的更清晰的理解可能会对开发人工系统产生巨大的影响，这些系统可以比我们最好的太阳能电池更好地利用太阳能，目前太阳能电池的效率只有30%左右。除了这一重大的技术和相应的社会变革之外，我的研究将探索量子力学效应是否直接用于赋予生命过程中的选择优势的有趣问题。

项目成果

Bounding the quantum limits of precision for phase estimation with loss and thermal noise

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.96.062306
• 发表时间: 2017-01
• 期刊: Physical Review A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: C. Gagatsos;Boulat A. Bash;S. Guha;A. Datta

Quantum enhanced estimation of optical detector efficiencies

光学探测器效率的量子增强估计

• DOI: 10.1515/qmetro-2016-0002
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Quantum Measurements and Quantum Metrology
• 作者: Barbieri M

Scalable reconstruction of unitary processes and Hamiltonians

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.91.042129
• 发表时间: 2015-04-29
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Holzaepfel, M.;Baumgratz, T.;Plenio, M. B.
• 通讯作者: Plenio, M. B.

Gaussian systems for quantum-enhanced multiple phase estimation

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.94.042342
• 发表时间: 2016-10-28
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Gagatsos, Christos N.;Branford, Dominic;Datta, Animesh
• 通讯作者: Datta, Animesh

Quantum enhanced estimation of a multi-dimensional field

多维场的量子增强估计

• DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.1507.02956
• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Baumgratz T