权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

University of Bath - Equipment Account

巴斯大学 - 设备帐户

基本信息

批准号：
EP/K040391/1
负责人：
Jane Millar
金额：
$ 500.56万
依托单位：
University of Bath
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FK040391%2F1
关键词：
University Bath Equipment Account

项目摘要

The HIVE is a building that has been especially designed to allow research into novel building materials and systems which will reduce the environmental impact of the Built Environment. The building has 16 individual cells that have been carefully constructed to be completely insulated from each other, except for one, and in some cases two faces which are exposed to the external environment. The faces are used to install walls made from a whole range of materials and constructive systems, and the performance of these walls is evaluated in real life conditions.Novel building materials and systems are developed in the laboratory and before they can be successfully used on real buildings, they do need to be evaluated at full scale, something which can be difficult because of problems with availability of space, planning permission, suitable exposure sites, and the necessary scientific and technical infrastructure. The HIVE resolves all of these issues.The construction and use of buildings is responsible for nearly half of the UK's total carbon emissions. This amounted to 289 million tonnes of Carbon Dioxide equivalent (CO2e) in 2010.Energy (and associated carbon emissions) is put into the construction of buildings through the manufacture and transportation of building components and materials to site, and into their erection. The total CO2e of this energy cost is known as the building's carbon footprint, and in 2010 this amounted to more than 53 million tonnes CO2e. The use of renewable, bio-based materials in the fabrication of building envelopes has the benefit of 'capturing' CO2 from the air and sequestering it within the fabric of the building for its life. This allows the creation of potentially 'negative' carbon footprint buildings. The HIVE has been designed to evaluate and optimize these types of materials.Using buildings involves the expenditure of considerable amounts of energy, particularly for heating, lighting and air-conditioning them. In 2010, this energy cost amounted to some 236 million tonnes CO2e. Significant reductions can be made to this energy cost through improvements to the fabric of buildings. This includes improving air tightness, improving insulation, using 'breathable materials' to reduce the need for air-conditioning. Some of these approaches do, however, have a down-side, and this is particularly the case with hermetically sealed buildings where the air quality can suffer, making buildings uncomfortable, or even unhealthy, to live and work in. The use of vapour active building materials, and of materials that have been treated to passively clean the air of contaminants is becoming an important area of research. The HIVE has been specially designed to facilitate all these areas of researchIt is said that the benefits fom research are rarely felt for ten years or more after the research has been done. The HIVE is designed to reduce this time delay and to make a meaningful contribution towards achieving the UK's Carbon Budget of reducing carbon emissions by 35% over 1990 levels by 2020. It achieves this by being a platform where developments in materials and technologies can be rapidly transformed into commercial products which can be field tested on the same building where were first developed. Working hand in hand with the key players in the construction industry, novel low impact buildings will be constructed more rapidly, benefitting the general public and the environment with the minimum of delay.The HIVE forms part of the University of Bath's Building Research Park at the Science Museum's Wroughton Airfield site, so developments will be widely shared with the general public through the Science Museum's public outlets. The HIVE also acts as a demonstrator of these technologies allowing Government and other policy makers to see and understand at first hand the real benefits that low impact construction can bring to the economy, the environment and to global reduction of carbon emissions.

蜂巢是一座专门为研究新型建筑材料和系统而设计的建筑，这些材料和系统将减少建筑环境对环境的影响。这座建筑有16个独立的单元，经过精心建造，除了一个，在某些情况下，两个面暴露在外部环境之外，完全相互隔绝。墙面用来安装由各种材料和建筑系统制成的墙，这些墙的性能在现实生活条件下进行评估。新型建筑材料和系统是在实验室开发的，在成功用于真实建筑之前，它们确实需要进行全面评估，这一点可能很困难，因为存在空间可用性、规划许可、合适的暴露地点和必要的科学和技术基础设施等问题。蜂巢解决了所有这些问题。建筑和使用的碳排放量占英国总排放量的近一半。2010年，这相当于2.89亿吨二氧化碳当量(CO2e)。能源(和相关的碳排放)通过制造和运输建筑部件和材料到工地并用于安装，投入到建筑物的建造中。这一能源成本的总二氧化碳排放量被称为建筑的碳足迹，2010年，这一数字超过了5300万吨二氧化碳排放量。在建筑围护结构的制造中使用可再生的生物材料有一个好处，就是从空气中捕获二氧化碳，并将其隔离在建筑结构中，使其在使用寿命内保持不变。这就允许产生潜在的“负”碳足迹建筑。蜂巢的设计是为了评估和优化这些类型的材料。使用建筑物涉及到相当大的能量消耗，特别是在供暖、照明和空调方面。2010年，这一能源成本约为2.36亿吨二氧化碳。通过改善建筑物的结构，可以显著降低这一能源成本。这包括改善气密性、改善隔热、使用“透气材料”来减少对空调的需求。然而，这些方法中的一些确实有不利的一面，尤其是密闭的建筑，那里的空气质量可能会受到影响，使建筑不舒服，甚至不利于居住和工作。使用蒸气活性建筑材料和经过被动处理以净化空气中污染物的材料正在成为一个重要的研究领域。蜂箱是专门为促进所有这些领域的研究而设计的。据说，在研究完成后的十年或更长时间内，很少能感受到研究的好处。该蜂箱的设计目的是减少这一时间延迟，并为实现英国的碳预算做出有意义的贡献，即到2020年将碳排放量比1990年的水平减少35%。它通过成为一个平台来实现这一点，在这里，材料和技术的发展可以迅速转化为商业产品，这些产品可以在最初开发的同一建筑上进行现场测试。与建筑行业的主要参与者携手合作，新的低影响建筑将被更快地建造，以最少的延误造福公众和环境。蜂巢是巴斯大学建筑研究园的一部分，位于科学馆的沃顿机场场地，因此发展将通过科学馆的公共渠道与公众广泛分享。该基地也是这些技术的示范，使政府和其他政策制定者能够亲眼目睹和了解低影响建筑可以为经济、环境和全球减少碳排放带来的真正好处。