MANUAL PALPATION OF INTERVERTEBRAL MOTION

这项研究将为生物力学的研究奠定基础。 腰椎对脊椎按摩手法触诊的反应。 的方法 将提供用于获得力-位移数据， 脊椎运动的脊椎按摩评估。力传感器将 设计和测试用于测量手动操作过程中的定向力 腰椎运动的评估。使用期间的限制 人工评估将由可重复性和可靠性决定 使用两个经过训练的手性药物在志愿受试者身上测试该装置， 实践检验者经过一段时间的培训后建立评级 统一性，检查者将评估腰椎的限制 在3个运动平面中的每一个中运动（即，侧向弯曲、轴向 旋转和延伸）。评级量表为5分制， 0表示无限制，4表示高限制。手动 评估和力量将同时进行测量。 通过测量力和位移数据的可行性 椎间三维运动学和诱导所需的定向力 然后将测试被动运动。 椎间运动学和 施加的力将在执行 脊椎指压治疗法和手触诊法三维运动将使用一对 红外线感光光电运动传感摄像机 （WATSMART，北方数字公司，滑铁卢，安大略）。 刚性簇 红外发光二极管将连接到四个腰椎 通过插入棘突的2.0 mm不锈钢针固定椎骨 流程.该系统将测量6度的椎骨运动， 自由度（3次旋转和3次平移），精度为0.5度 旋转和0.5 mm平移。

This study will form a basis for an investigation of the biomechanical responses of the lumbar spine to chiropractic manual palpation. A method will be provided for obtaining force-displacement data during a chiropractic assessment of vertebral motion. A force transducer will be designed and tested to measure the directed forces during a manual assessment of motion in the lumbar spine. The limits of its use during manual assessment will be determined by repeatability and reliability testing of the device on volunteer subjects using two trained chiro- practic examiners. After a training period to establish rating uniformity, the examiners will assess the lumbar spine for restrictions in motion in each of the 3 planes of motion (ie; lateral bending, axial rotation and extension). The rating scale will be a 5 point scale with 0 signifying no restriction to 4 signifying high restriction. The manual assessment and force will be simultaneously measured. The feasibility of obtaining force-displacement data by measuring both intervertebral 3-D kinematics and the directed forces necessary to induce passive motion will then be tested. Intervertebral kinematics and applied forces will be measured simultaneous to the performance of a chiropractic manual palpation. 3-D motion will be measured using a pair of infra-red light sensitive, opto-electronic motion sensing cameras (WATSMART, Northern Digital, Waterloo, Ontario). Rigid clusters of infra-red-light emitting diodes will be attached to each of four lumbar vertebra via 2.0 mm stainless steel pins inserted into the spinous processes. This system will measure vertebral motion with 6 degrees of freedom (3 rotations and 3 translations) with an accuracy of 0.5 degrees rotation and 0.5 mm translation.