Real-Time H2 Purification and Monitoring for Efficient and Durable Fuel Cell Vehicles

实时氢气净化和监测，实现高效耐用的燃料电池汽车

• 批准号: EP/L018330/1
• 负责人: Zheng Xiao Guo
• 金额: $ 128.16万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FL018330%2F1
• 关键词: Real; Time; H2; Purification; Monitoring

Hydrogen and fuel cells (HFCs) offer multiple advantages, such as low urban pollution / CO2 emission, quiet operation, low self-discharge, high energy density and extended driving ranges. The technology simultaneously addresses many of the major energy and environmental challenges, and shows the flexibility to integrate the diverse/intermittent renewable energy sources that are increasingly installed across Europe and emphasized in EU "Horizon 2020" [1,2]. It is estimated that the HFC market will reach $3 billion with hydrogen demand from fuel cells > 140 million kg in 2030 [1]. However, the technology is not yet economically competitive with other fuel systems, e.g. gas turbines for balancing electrical grids, Li-ion batteries for domestic storage, nor high compression ratio diesel engines for transport. Two important factors contributing to the elevated costs of HFCs are: (1) the additional cost of high-purity H2 needed to extend asset lifetime, especially when the H2 is generated from diverse sources or supplied by an on-board hydride/hybrid tank; (2) the cost associated with the limited lifetime of HFCs due to impurity built-up or catalytic poisoning. Therefore, low-cost and in-line H2 purification and impurity monitoring are crucial for the reduction of H2 fuel costs and fuel cell running cost due to extended lifetime of the fuel cell stacks. This multi-disciplinary proposal will seek to address both problems by: (1) developing low-cost and high performance in-situ H2 purification systems to reduce H2 fuel cost for HFCs; (2) developing low-cost, robust CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) gas sensors for real-time impurity monitoring both to reduce cell maintenance costs and extend the lifetime of HFCs. These two issues represent two critical impediments to the future of hydrogen technology. Members of the consortium provide complementary expertise in hydrogen storage and purification [XG & AS], hydrogen fuel cells, including catalyst poisoning and other degradation phenomena [AS], development of gas/chemical microsensors [JG], as well as large project design and management [XG, JG]; thus enabling the consortium to develop an integrated approach to H2 purification and impurity monitoring offering novel design, fundamental analysis, and optimal integration of such devices for efficient, low-cost and high-purity hydrogen delivery. We propose to work closely with the HFC Hub, UKERC, and our industrial supporters, as well as other relevant agencies and scientists in the UK and internationally, to accelerate the technology transfer of HFCs to industry. Key word: hydrogen fuel cell, purification, gas sensors, impurity monitoring

氢燃料电池（hfc）具有多种优势，如低城市污染/二氧化碳排放、安静运行、低自放电、高能量密度和延长行驶里程。该技术同时解决了许多主要的能源和环境挑战，并显示出整合多样化/间歇性可再生能源的灵活性，这些可再生能源在欧洲各地越来越多地安装，并在欧盟“地平线2020”中得到强调[1,2]。据估计，氢氟碳化物市场将达到30亿美元，到2030年燃料电池对氢的需求将达到1.4亿公斤。然而，与其他燃料系统相比，该技术在经济上还没有竞争力，例如用于平衡电网的燃气轮机，用于家庭储存的锂离子电池，以及用于运输的高压缩比柴油发动机。导致氢氟碳化物成本上升的两个重要因素是：(1)延长资产使用寿命所需的高纯度氢气的额外成本，特别是当氢气由多种来源产生或由车载氢化物/混合罐供应时；(2)由于杂质积聚或催化中毒而导致的氢氟碳化物寿命有限的相关成本。因此，低成本和在线H2净化和杂质监测对于降低H2燃料成本和燃料电池运行成本至关重要，因为燃料电池堆的使用寿命延长了。这个多学科的提案将寻求解决这两个问题：(1)开发低成本和高性能的原位氢气净化系统，以降低氢氟碳化物的氢气燃料成本；(2)开发低成本、强大的CMOS（互补金属氧化物半导体）气体传感器，用于实时杂质监测，以降低电池维护成本并延长氢氟碳化物的使用寿命。这两个问题代表了氢技术未来的两个关键障碍。该联盟的成员在氢储存和净化[XG & AS]、氢燃料电池（包括催化剂中毒和其他降解现象[AS]）、气体/化学微传感器（JG）的开发以及大型项目设计和管理方面提供互补的专业知识[XG， JG]；因此，该联盟能够开发氢气净化和杂质监测的综合方法，为高效、低成本和高纯度的氢气输送提供新颖的设计、基础分析和优化的设备集成。我们建议与氢氟碳化物中心、英国气候变化研究中心、我们的产业支持者以及英国和国际上的其他相关机构和科学家密切合作，加快氢氟碳化物向工业的技术转移。关键词：氢燃料电池，净化，气体传感器，杂质监测

项目成果

An efficient carbon-based ORR catalyst from low-temperature etching of ZIF-67 with ultra-small cobalt nanoparticles and high yield

• DOI: 10.1039/c8ta10925g
• 发表时间: 2019-02-28
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
• 影响因子: 11.9
• 作者: Guo, Jian;Gadipelli, Srinivas;Guo, Zhengxiao
• 通讯作者: Guo, Zhengxiao

Graphitic nanostructures in a porous carbon framework significantly enhance electrocatalytic oxygen evolution

• DOI: 10.1039/c7ta03027d
• 发表时间: 2017-12-21
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
• 影响因子: 11.9
• 作者: Gadipelli, Srinivas;Li, Zhuangnan;Guo, Zhengxiao
• 通讯作者: Guo, Zhengxiao

A Targeted Functional Design for Highly Efficient and Stable Cathodes for Rechargeable Li-Ion Batteries

可充电锂离子电池高效稳定正极的针对性功能设计

• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201604903
• 发表时间: 2017-01-01
• 期刊: ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
• 影响因子: 19
• 作者: He, Guanjie;Han, Xiaoyu;Parkin, Ivan P.
• 通讯作者: Parkin, Ivan P.

Switching effective oxygen reduction and evolution performance by controlled graphitization of a cobalt-nitrogen-carbon framework system

• DOI: 10.1039/c6ee00551a
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 32.5
• 作者: Gadipelli, Srinivas;Zhao, Tingting;Guo, Zhengxiao
• 通讯作者: Guo, Zhengxiao

Design of hyperporous graphene networks and their application in solid-amine based carbon capture systems

• DOI: 10.1039/c7ta05789j
• 发表时间: 2017-09-14
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
• 影响因子: 11.9
• 作者: Gadipelli, Srinivas;Lu, Yue;Guo, Zhengxiao
• 通讯作者: Guo, Zhengxiao