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Probing surface-molecule interactions of perovskite catalysts

探究钙钛矿催化剂的表面分子相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
EP/L023687/1
负责人：
Neil Alford
金额：
$ 1.71万
依托单位：
Imperial College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FL023687%2F1
关键词：
Probing surface molecule interactions perovskite

项目摘要

Developing renewable energy production and storage technologies represents one of the major challenges nowadays. The synthesis of efficient, highly active, and cost-effective catalysts for use in electrochemical energy conversion processes, such as the oxygen reduction process, is a critical area of research with international interest. To this end, this project aims to the understanding of the fundamental, atomic-scale mechanisms of catalytic processes as they occur in functional perovskite particles and thin films. These structures are well known for applications such as magnetic sensors and spintronics, but recently studies have also revealed promising catalytic activity that facilitates oxygen reduction (or oxygen evolution depending on the oxide material) in alkaline fuel cells (AFCs). This presents a great opportunity for commercialisation of AFC technology, since these oxides, such as LaMnO3, exhibit a significant economic advantage over noble metals, such as the commonly used Pt. The inhibiting factor that prevents their commercialisation is the development of highly active oxide catalysts. Thus, the need for synthesis of the functional oxide thin films and particles with tailored properties is growing immensely, and the demand is focused on the development and application of characterisation methods to probe the catalytic processes in real time. To address this, an interdisciplinary approach engaging chemistry, materials science, and microscopy will be undertaken. The vehicle will be environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM). ETEM is a specialised instrument that is capable for delivering high-resolution imaging, as in conventional transmission electron microscopy, with the extra benefit of elevated gas pressures in the sample chamber, as high as a few per cent of atmospheric pressure. In practice, the catalyst particles (and thin films) can be imaged at atomic-scale level while exposed to gas environments, such as oxygen or water, simulating real fuel cell conditions. This way, the chemical reactions at the surfaces, which ultimately determine each catalyst's activity, can be monitored in real time and with atomic scale precision.

开发可再生能源生产和存储技术是当今的主要挑战之一。用于电化学能量转换过程（例如氧还原过程）的高效、高活性和具有成本效益的催化剂的合成是国际关注的一个关键研究领域。为此，该项目旨在了解功能性钙钛矿颗粒和薄膜中发生的催化过程的基本原子尺度机制。这些结构因磁传感器和自旋电子学等应用而闻名，但最近的研究还揭示了有前景的催化活性，可促进碱性燃料电池（AFC）中的氧还原（或氧析出，取决于氧化物材料）。这为 AFC 技术的商业化提供了绝佳的机会，因为这些氧化物（例如 LaMnO3）比贵金属（例如常用的 Pt）表现出显着的经济优势。阻碍其商业化的抑制因素是高活性氧化物催化剂的开发。因此，对合成具有定制特性的功能性氧化物薄膜和颗粒的需求日益增长，并且需求集中在表征方法的开发和应用以实时探测催化过程。为了解决这个问题，将采取一种涉及化学、材料科学和显微镜的跨学科方法。该车辆将是环境透射电子显微镜（ETEM）。 ETEM 是一种专用仪器，能够像传统透射电子显微镜一样提供高分辨率成像，并具有样品室中气压升高的额外优势，高达大气压的百分之几。实际上，催化剂颗粒（和薄膜）可以在暴露于氧气或水等气体环境时以原子级水平成像，模拟真实的燃料电池条件。这样，可以以原子级精度实时监测表面的化学反应，最终决定每种催化剂的活性。