INVESTIGATIONS OF VOWEL MISARTICULATIONS IN CHILDREN

儿童元音发音错误的调查

• 批准号: 3461862
• 负责人: KAREN E. POLLOCK
• 金额: $ 9.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-01 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3461862
• 关键词: audiotape; computer data analysis; computer program /software; human subject; language development; longitudinal human study; preschool child (1-5); sound frequency; speech disorders; speech therapy; videotape /videodisc; visual feedback; vocalization; young adult human (21-34)

The proposed project will investigate the nature and significance of vowel misarticulations in the speech of children with moderate to severe phonological disorders. Vowel production has been relatively unstudied in children's phonological development and disorders. However, recent reports of phonologically disordered children exhibiting vowel misarticulations (without diagnosed motor or sensory deficits) have highlighted the importance of studying vowels (and their interaction with other components of the phonological system). The goals of the present study are to determine the relative incidence of vowel misarticulations among normally developing and phonologically disordered children, to provide detailed descriptions of vowel productions from several perspectives (linguistic, acoustic, and articulatory), to determine the relationship between vowel misarticulations, consonant misarticulations, and other subject characteristics, and to investigate the clinical significance of vowel misarticulations. The project will consist of three phases. In Phase I, data will be collected from 150 phonologically disordered children (from 3;6 to 6;5) and 150 normally developing children (from 1;6 to 6;5), using a protocol designed to assess all American English consonants and vowels in a variety of phonetic contexts in single word productions and continuous speech. These data will be phonetically transcribed and analyzed for consonant and vowel inventories, production accuracy and consistency, and error types. Results will be used to determine the frequency distribution and common patterns of vowel misarticulations in each group, and to investigate proposed relationships between consonants and vowels. In Phase II, 20 phonologically disordered children (identified in Phase I as exhibiting moderate to severe vowel misarticulations) will be selected for further analysis of their vowel productions in controlled stimuli using perceptual (transcription), acoustic (formant frequency, duration) and articulatory (linguapalatal contact) measures. Three control groups will also be tested, including (a) phonologically disordered children without vowel misarticulations matched for consonant production accuracy, (b) normally developing children matched for age, and (c) younger normally developing children matched for consonant production accuracy. Additional testing (e.g., vowel perception, oral structure/function, oral sensory perception, stimulability) will be conducted to determine what characteristics, if any, differentiate children with vowel errors from children without vowel errors. Phase III will directly address the clinical (diagnostic and prognostic) importance of vowel errors. First, subjects from Phase II will be followed longitudinally to determine the amount and type of change in vowel production without direct intervention. Second, experienced listeners will be asked to estimate perceived degree of severity of Phase II subjects. Finally, experimental studies using carefully controlled synthetic stimuli will examine the relative effect of vowel errors and consonant errors on intelligibility.

本计划将研究元音的性质和意义 中重度儿童的言语表达错误 语音障碍 元音的产生相对来说没有被研究过， 儿童的语音发展和障碍。 然而，最近的报告 语音紊乱的孩子表现出元音发音错误 （没有诊断出运动或感觉缺陷）强调了 学习元音的重要性（以及它们与其他成分的相互作用 （phonological system） 本研究的目的是确定 正常发育和音系上的元音发音错误 紊乱的儿童，提供元音产生的详细描述 从几个角度（语言，声学和发音）， 确定元音发音错误，辅音 错误表达和其他受试者特征，并调查 元音发音错误的临床意义。 该项目将包括三个阶段。 在第一阶段，数据将 收集了150名语音障碍儿童（从3;6到6;5）， 150名正常发育的儿童（从1;6到6;5），使用协议 旨在评估所有美国英语辅音和元音的各种 在单个单词的产生和连续语音的语音背景。 这些数据将被语音转录和分析的辅音和 元音库存，生产的准确性和一致性，以及错误类型。 结果将用于确定频率分布和常见 每组的元音发音错误模式，并调查 辅音和元音之间的关系。 在第二阶段，20 语音障碍儿童（在第一阶段确定为表现出 中度至重度元音发音错误）将被选择进一步 分析他们在控制刺激下的元音产生， （转录），声学（共振峰频率，持续时间）和发音 （舌腭接触）措施。 三个对照组也将 测试，包括（a）没有元音的语音障碍儿童 与辅音产生准确性匹配的发音错误，（B）通常 发育中的儿童年龄匹配，和（c）年轻的正常发育 孩子们的辅音发音准确性。 额外测试 (e.g.,元音知觉，口腔结构/功能，口腔感觉知觉， 刺激性）将被进行以确定什么特征，如果有的话， 区分有元音错误的儿童和无元音的儿童 错误. 第三阶段将直接解决临床（诊断和 元音错误的重要性。 首先，II期受试者将 纵向跟踪，以确定变化的数量和类型， 没有直接干预的元音生成。 二、经验丰富 听众将被要求估计阶段的严重程度 II科目。 最后，实验研究使用精心控制的 合成刺激将检查元音错误的相对影响， 可理解性上的辅音错误。