Risk Assessment of Masonry Bridges Under Flood Conditions: Hydrodynamic Effects of Debris Blockage and Scour

洪水条件下砖石桥梁的风险评估：泥石堵塞和冲刷的水动力效应

• 批准号: EP/M017354/1
• 负责人: Slobodan Djordjevic
• 金额: $ 80.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2015 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM017354%2F1
• 关键词: Risk; Assessment; Masonry; Bridges; Under

Recent flooding events such as those of winter 2013/14 in the South West of UK have highlighted the importance of having greater resilience in our transport infrastructure. The failure of bridges or even a reduction in service during and in the aftermath of floods can lead to significant direct and indirect costs to the economy and society, and hamper rescue and recovery efforts. For example, 29 bridges collapsed or were severely damaged during the 2009 floods in Cumbria leading to nearly £34m in repair and replacement costs, and significantly larger economic and societal costs. This research aims to enhance the resilience of our transport infrastructure by enabling practitioners to assess the risks to bridges from debris accumulation in the watercourse, a leading cause of bridge failure or damage during floods both in the UK and world-wide. It will address an important industry need as there is currently no guidance available for practitioners to evaluate the hydrodynamic effects of debris blockage at bridges and in particular, at masonry bridges, which are most susceptible to debris blockage. Floating debris underneath or upstream of a bridge can significantly increase downstream flow velocities, which can worsen scour around piers and abutments. It can also increase water levels on the bridge and thereby cause large lateral and uplift pressures, which are especially problematic for masonry bridges since they rely on self-weight of masonry and fill to transfer load. This project will aim to understand and characterize the hydrodynamic effects of debris blockage through a combination of laboratory experiments in flumes and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling. It will then develop a risk-based approach for assessing the scour, and uplift and lateral forces at individual bridges due to debris blockage during flood conditions, and incorporate this approach within existing guidance for the assessment of bridges under hydraulic action. The project will be carried out by a multi-disciplinary research team with a strong track record of generating impact, and assisted by an industry consortium composed of major stakeholders involved in UK bridge management.

最近的洪水事件，如2013/14年冬季在英国西南部发生的洪水事件，突出了我们的交通基础设施具有更大弹性的重要性。洪水期间和洪水过后，桥梁的损坏甚至服务的减少都可能给经济和社会造成巨大的直接和间接损失，并妨碍救援和恢复工作。例如，2009年坎布里亚郡洪水期间，29座桥梁倒塌或严重受损，导致近3400万英镑的维修和更换费用，以及更大的经济和社会成本。这项研究旨在通过使从业人员能够评估水道中碎片堆积对桥梁的风险来提高我们交通基础设施的弹性，这是英国和世界各地洪水期间桥梁故障或损坏的主要原因。它将解决一个重要的行业需求，因为目前没有指导从业人员评估碎片堵塞在桥梁，特别是在砖石桥，这是最容易被碎片堵塞的流体动力学影响。桥下或上游的漂浮物会显著增加下游流速，从而加剧桥墩和桥台周围的冲刷。它还可以增加桥梁上的水位，从而导致较大的侧向压力和扬压力，这对于圬工桥梁来说尤其成问题，因为它们依赖于圬工和填料的自重来传递荷载。该项目旨在通过水槽实验室实验和计算流体动力学建模相结合，了解碎片堵塞的流体动力学影响并确定其特征。然后，它将开发一种基于风险的方法，用于评估洪水条件下由于碎片堵塞而导致的冲刷以及单个桥梁的上举力和横向力，并将这种方法纳入现有的评估水力作用下桥梁的指南中。该项目将由一个多学科的研究团队进行，该团队在产生影响方面有着良好的记录，并由一个由参与英国桥梁管理的主要利益相关者组成的行业联盟提供协助。

项目成果

Experimental investigation of scour and pressures on a single span arch bridge under inundation

洪水作用下单跨拱桥冲刷压力试验研究

• DOI: 10.15142/t33d25
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: 7th IAHR International Symposium on Hydraulic Structures, ISHS 2018
• 作者: Ebrahimi M.

A method for evaluating local scour depth at bridge piers due to debris accumulation

桥墩残渣局部冲刷深度评估方法

• DOI: 10.1680/jbren.19.00045
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering
• 作者: Ebrahimi M

Flume experiments on the impact of a cross-flow turbine on an erodible bed

横流涡轮对侵蚀床影响的水槽实验

• DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.02.073
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Renewable Energy
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Ebrahimi M

Experimental Study on Scour at a Sharp-Nose Bridge Pier with Debris Blockage

• DOI: 10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001516
• 发表时间: 2018-12
• 期刊: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: M. Ebrahimi;P. Kripakaran;D. Prodanović;R. Kahraman;Matthew Riella;G. Tabor;S. Arthur;S. Djordjević

Prediction of flow around a sharp-nosed bridge pier: influence of the Froude number and free-surface variation on the flow field

尖头桥墩周围流动的预测：弗劳德数和自由表面变化对流场的影响

• DOI: 10.1080/00221686.2019.1631223
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Hydraulic Research
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Kahraman R