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Plasma-actuator controlled turbulent jets

等离子体致动器控制的湍流射流

基本信息

批准号：
EP/M022676/1
负责人：
Sylvain Laizet
金额：
$ 12.31万
依托单位：
Imperial College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FM022676%2F1
关键词：
Plasma actuator controlled turbulent jets

项目摘要

Aeronautics and air transport is a vital sector of our society and economy. Aviation currently accounts for about 2% of human-induced CO2 emissions with more than 3.12 billion passengers and 48 million tons of freight worldwide last year with an average of more than 100,000 flights every day. Worldwide traffic is predicted to grow at a rate of 4% to 5% per year for the next 30 years. It simply means that more than 16 billion passengers and 25 million flights are expected in 2050. Aviation will have to find ways to meet the growing demand for air transport whilst reducing its environmental impact, specifically the level of noise and of carbon emissions. Innovative solutions are also needed to deal with fuel consumption so that aviation does not become increasingly dependent on more and more expensive energy sources. It is clear that it requires a significant step change in the technologies of future aircraft.In recent years, the development of devices known as plasma actuators has advanced the promise of controlling flows in new ways that increase lift, reduce drag and improve aerodynamic efficiencies, advances that may lead to safer, more efficient and quieter aircraft. Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators consist of two electrodes, one exposed to the ambient fluid and the other covered by a dielectric material. When an A.C. voltage is applied between the two electrodes the ambient fluid over the covered electrode ionizes. This ionized fluid is called the plasma and resultsin a body force vector which exchanges momentum with the ambient, neutrally charged, fluid. For this project, high-resolution simulations will be carried out on the most powerful supercomputers in Europe in order to demonstrate the potential of DBD plasma actuators for the control of turbulent jets. The problem of jet noise pollution has become more severe in the past few decades due to the ever increasing number of flights, the tightening of environmental impact regulations, and the development of urban/residential areas in close proximity to airports. The scientific objective of the present project is to advance our understanding of aeroacoustic mechanisms up to the point where we canpropose targeted plasma control strategies for free shear flows to tackle the problem of jet noise pollution. This research project is a first step in the development of new technologies based on plasma actuators in the aeronautic sector not only for noise reduction purposes but also potentially for mixing enhancement and for a better efficiency of jet engines.As of today, active flow control technologies have not been implemented in commercial aircraft. The large number of parameters (location of the actuator, orientation, size, relative placement of the embedded and exposed electrodes, applied voltage, frequency) affecting the performance of plasma actuators makes their development, testing and optimisation a very complicated task. Experimental approaches require numerous high-cost and time consuming trial-and-error iterations. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can complement ideally experiments with the potential to investigate indetail plasma-actuator controlled turbulent flows.

航空和航空运输是我们社会和经济的重要部门。目前，航空业约占人类引起的二氧化碳排放量的2%，去年全球乘客超过31.2亿人次，货运量超过4800万吨，平均每天有超过10万个航班。预计未来30年，全球交通量将以每年4%至5%的速度增长。这意味着到2050年，预计将有超过160亿乘客和2500万航班。航空业必须找到方法来满足日益增长的航空运输需求，同时减少其对环境的影响，特别是噪音和碳排放水平。还需要创新的解决方案来处理燃料消耗问题，以便航空业不会越来越依赖越来越昂贵的能源。很明显，这需要未来飞机技术的重大变革。近年来，等离子致动器的发展推动了以新方式控制气流的前景，这些方式可以增加升力、减少阻力并提高空气动力学效率，这些进步可能导致更安全、更高效和更安静的飞机。介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体致动器由两个电极组成，一个暴露于环境流体，另一个由介电材料覆盖。当AC在两个电极之间施加电压，覆盖电极上的周围流体电离。这种离子化的流体被称为等离子体，并由此产生一种与周围的中性带电流体交换动量的体积力矢量。在该项目中，将在欧洲最强大的超级计算机上进行高分辨率模拟，以展示DBD等离子体执行器控制湍流射流的潜力。在过去的几十年里，由于航班数量的不断增加、环境影响法规的收紧以及靠近机场的城市/住宅区的发展，喷气式飞机噪音污染的问题变得更加严重。本项目的科学目标是推进我们对航空声学机制的理解，使我们能够提出有针对性的自由剪切流等离子体控制策略，以解决喷气噪声污染问题。该研究项目是在航空领域开发基于等离子体致动器的新技术的第一步，不仅用于降低噪音，而且还可能用于增强混合和提高喷气发动机的效率。截至目前，主动流动控制技术尚未在商用飞机上实施。影响等离子体致动器性能的大量参数（致动器的位置、取向、尺寸、嵌入和暴露电极的相对位置、施加的电压、频率）使得它们的开发、测试和优化成为非常复杂的任务。实验方法需要大量高成本和耗时的试错迭代。计算流体动力学（CFD）是对实验的理想补充，具有深入研究等离子体激励器控制湍流流动的潜力。