MECHANISMS OF SPATIAL LOCALIZATION FOR AIMED MOVEMENTS

目标运动的空间定位机制

• 批准号: 3475202
• 负责人: RICHARD A ABRAMS
• 金额: $ 8.85万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1995-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3475202
• 关键词: body movement; degenerative motor system disease; eye movements; limb movement; space perception

In order to interact effectively with the world, people depend on information about the spatial locations of objects in their immediate environment. A thorough understanding of the brain mechanism and mental, processes that underlie spatial orientation will have important implications for a wide range of behaviors, and may ultimately facilitate the design of prosthetic and robotic devices, and the diagnosis and treatment of movement disorders related to mental health. The research proposed herein is directly concerned with contributing toward such an understanding. The specific objectives are to learn more about the different types of spatial information that people may use to locate a seen object, and how that information is involved in guiding movements of the eyes and limbs. To study these questions, three series of experiments will be conducted in which subjects will produce eye and limb movements to visual stimuli under a variety of different stimulus conditions, and using a variety of different types of responses. In the first series of experiments a new analytic technique will be used to evaluate kinematic features of rapid aimed limb movements. These experiments will explore the possibility that spatial information is used differently during different component phases of a single rapid movement as a function of the types of eye movements that subjects produce, the patterns of retinal stimulation they receive, the nature of the spatial information that must be retained in memory, and the physical dimensions of the movements. The second series of experiments will explore some of the factors involved in the use of spatial information to guide unspeeded limb movements. These experiments focus on learning more about the various different types of spatial information that are available for movement control. The final series of experiments extends the endeavor to saccadic eye movements, and directly compares the use of spatial information by the eye and hand. These experiments will examine kinematic features of eye movement trajectories to determine the extent to which eye and limb motor systems share the same spatial representations. Results of the proposed experiments should lead to new insights into the fundamental processes underlying various aspects of perception, cognition, and action that are relevant to spatially criented behavior. With these insights, it should be possible to better diagnose, treat, and prevent serious movement disorders related to mental health.

为了有效地与世界互动，人们依赖于 有关对象在其直接位置中的空间位置的信息 环境。对大脑机制和心理的透彻理解， 作为空间定向基础的过程将具有重要的 对一系列行为的影响，并可能最终促进 假肢和机器人设备的设计，以及诊断和 治疗与心理健康相关的运动障碍。这项研究 在此提出的建议直接涉及为实现这样的 理解。 具体目标是更多地了解不同类型的 人们可以用来定位可见对象的空间信息，以及如何 这些信息参与指导眼睛和四肢的运动。 为了研究这些问题，将进行三个系列的实验 哪些受试者会对视觉刺激产生眼球和肢体运动 各种不同的刺激条件，并使用各种 不同类型的回应。在第一系列实验中，一种新的 将使用解析技术来评估RAPID的运动学特性 有针对性的肢体运动。这些实验将探索这样一种可能性 在不同的组件阶段，空间信息的使用方式不同 作为眼球运动类型的函数的单个快速运动 受试者产生，他们接受的视网膜刺激的模式， 必须保留在内存中的空间信息的性质，以及 运动的物理维度。第二系列实验 我将探讨空间信息使用中涉及的一些因素 来引导不加速的肢体运动。这些实验的重点是学习 更多关于各种不同类型的空间信息的信息 可用于移动控制。最后一系列实验扩展了 眼球跳动的努力，并直接比较了使用 通过眼睛和手获得空间信息。这些实验将检验 眼动轨迹的运动学特征决定眼动的程度 眼睛和肢体运动系统共享相同的空间表示。 拟议中的实验结果应该会带来对 感知、认知的各个方面的基本过程 以及与空间批判行为相关的动作。有了这些 洞察力，应该能够更好地诊断、治疗和预防 严重的运动障碍与心理健康有关。