MECHANISMS OF SPATIAL LOCALIZATION FOR AIMED MOVEMENTS

目标运动的空间定位机制

• 批准号: 2246427
• 负责人: RICHARD A ABRAMS
• 金额: $ 12.33万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1998-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2246427
• 关键词: attention; body movement; cues; eye movements; human subject; limb movement; neural information processing; saccades; space perception; visual fixation

In order to interact effectively with the world, people depend on information about the spatial locations of objects in their immediate environment. This information is needed to accurately guide overt movements of the eyes and limbs, as well as covert movements of attention. Because spatial orientation comprises such an integral part of one's daily life, a thorough understanding of the mental and physical processes that underlie it will have important implications for a wide range of behaviors. A detailed model of such behaviors may ultimately facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of movement and attentional disorders, and the design of prosthetic and robotic devices. The research proposed herein is directly concerned with contributing toward such a model. The present project is designed to learn more about the mental mechanisms that underlie the production of eye movements, limb movements, and movements of visual attention. To do this, answers are sought to fundamental questions about such behaviors including: To what extent do eye, hand, and attention movement systems obey similar operating principles or perhaps employ shared mental mechanisms? To what extent do these systems share spatial information? In what coordinate systems and reference frames are the various movements planned and implemented? To answer these questions, three series of experiment are proposed. The first series examines details of eye movements and the extent to which some eye movements may be inhibited by prior movements of visual attention. These experiment will provide new insights into eye movements, visual attention, and the relation between the two. The second series of experiments focuses specifically on eye-hand coordination by examining two phenomena that are known to affect eye movements, and assessing the possible influence of these phenomena on limb movements. Experiments in the third series examine additional questions about the relation between eye movements, hand movements and attention by examining attentional coordinate systems in which movements are planned. Results of the proposed experiments should provide new insights into fundamental processes underlying various aspects of perception, cognition, and action that are relevant to spatially oriented behavior. With these insights, it should be possible to better diagnose, treat, and prevent serious movement and attentional disorders related to mental health.

为了有效地与世界互动，人们依赖于 有关对象在其直接位置中的空间位置的信息 环境。需要这些信息来准确地引导公开的行动 眼睛和四肢，以及隐蔽的注意力运动。因为 空间定位是一个人日常生活中不可或缺的一部分， 对心理和生理过程有透彻的理解 它将对广泛的行为产生重要的影响。一个 这种行为的详细模型最终可能有助于诊断 以及运动和注意力障碍的治疗，以及设计 假肢和机器人设备。这里提出的研究是直接的 致力于为这样的模式做出贡献。 本项目旨在了解更多关于心理机制的知识。 这是产生眼球运动、肢体运动和 视觉注意力的运动。要做到这一点，必须寻求以下答案 关于这类行为的基本问题包括：在多大程度上 眼睛、手和注意力运动系统遵循相似的工作原理。 或者使用共享的心理机制？这些系统在多大程度上 共享空间信息？在什么坐标系和参照系中 各项运动有没有计划和实施？ 为了回答这些问题，我们提出了三个系列的实验。这个 第一个系列考察了眼球运动的细节以及一些 眼睛的运动可能会被先前的视觉注意运动所抑制。 这些实验将提供对眼睛运动、视觉的新见解 注意，以及两者之间的关系。第二个系列 实验特别关注眼手协调，通过检查两个 已知会影响眼球运动的现象，并评估 这些现象对肢体运动的可能影响。在中国的实验 第三系列研究关于眼睛和眼球之间关系的其他问题 检测注意坐标的运动、手部运动和注意力 计划运动的系统。 拟议的实验结果应该会提供新的见解 感知、认知的各个方面的基本过程 以及与面向空间的行为相关的动作。有了这些 洞察力，应该能够更好地诊断、治疗和预防 与精神健康有关的严重运动和注意力障碍。