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MECHANISMS OF SPATIAL LOCALIZATION FOR AIMED MOVEMENTS

目标运动的空间定位机制

基本信息

批准号：
2246426
负责人：
RICHARD A ABRAMS
金额：
$ 8.59万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-08-01 至 1995-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2246426
关键词：
body movement degenerative motor system disease eye movements limb movement space perception

项目摘要

In order to interact effectively with the world, people depend on information about the spatial locations of objects in their immediate environment. A thorough understanding of the brain mechanism and mental, processes that underlie spatial orientation will have important implications for a wide range of behaviors, and may ultimately facilitate the design of prosthetic and robotic devices, and the diagnosis and treatment of movement disorders related to mental health. The research proposed herein is directly concerned with contributing toward such an understanding. The specific objectives are to learn more about the different types of spatial information that people may use to locate a seen object, and how that information is involved in guiding movements of the eyes and limbs. To study these questions, three series of experiments will be conducted in which subjects will produce eye and limb movements to visual stimuli under a variety of different stimulus conditions, and using a variety of different types of responses. In the first series of experiments a new analytic technique will be used to evaluate kinematic features of rapid aimed limb movements. These experiments will explore the possibility that spatial information is used differently during different component phases of a single rapid movement as a function of the types of eye movements that subjects produce, the patterns of retinal stimulation they receive, the nature of the spatial information that must be retained in memory, and the physical dimensions of the movements. The second series of experiments will explore some of the factors involved in the use of spatial information to guide unspeeded limb movements. These experiments focus on learning more about the various different types of spatial information that are available for movement control. The final series of experiments extends the endeavor to saccadic eye movements, and directly compares the use of spatial information by the eye and hand. These experiments will examine kinematic features of eye movement trajectories to determine the extent to which eye and limb motor systems share the same spatial representations. Results of the proposed experiments should lead to new insights into the fundamental processes underlying various aspects of perception, cognition, and action that are relevant to spatially criented behavior. With these insights, it should be possible to better diagnose, treat, and prevent serious movement disorders related to mental health.

为了有效地与世界互动，人们依赖于关于对象在其直接空间中的空间位置的信息环境对大脑机制和心理的透彻理解，作为空间定位的基础的过程将具有重要的影响广泛的行为，并可能最终促进假肢和机器人设备的设计，以及诊断和治疗与心理健康有关的运动障碍。研究这里提出的是直接涉及到促进这样一个认识具体目标是更多地了解不同类型的人们可以用来定位所见物体的空间信息，以及如何该信息涉及到引导眼睛和四肢的运动。为了研究这些问题，我们将进行三组实验，受试者将在视觉刺激下产生眼睛和肢体运动各种不同的刺激条件，并使用各种不同类型的响应。在第一系列实验中，分析技术将用于评估快速的运动学特征，有目的的肢体运动这些实验将探索空间信息在不同的分量阶段期间被不同地使用一个单一的快速运动作为眼睛运动类型的函数，受试者产生，他们接受的视网膜刺激模式，必须保留在记忆中的空间信息的性质，以及运动的物理维度。第二系列的实验将探讨空间信息使用中涉及的一些因素来引导未加速的肢体运动。这些实验专注于学习更多关于各种不同类型的空间信息，可用于移动控制。最后一系列的实验奋进扫视眼球运动，并直接比较使用通过眼睛和手的空间信息。这些实验将检验眼睛运动轨迹的运动学特征，以确定其中眼睛和肢体运动系统共享相同的空间表示。拟议实验的结果应导致新的见解感知，认知，与空间行为相关的行为。与这些有了洞察力，应该可以更好地诊断，治疗和预防与心理健康有关的严重运动障碍。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（20）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The effect of age-related stereotypes on response initiation and execution.

与年龄相关的刻板印象对反应启动和执行的影响。

DOI：
10.1080/00221309909595349
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
The Journal of general psychology.
影响因子：
0
作者：
Chasteen,AL;Pratt,J
通讯作者：
Pratt,J

The Gap effect for spatially oriented responses.

空间定向响应的间隙效应。

DOI：
10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00014-1
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
Acta psychologica
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Pratt,J;Bekkering,H;Abrams,RA;Adam,J
通讯作者：
Adam,J

Initiation and inhibition of saccadic eye movements in younger and older adults: an analysis of the gap effect.

年轻人和老年人眼跳运动的启动和抑制：间隙效应分析。

DOI：
10.1093/geronb/52b.2.p103
发表时间：
1997
期刊：
The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Pratt,J;Abrams,RA;Chasteen,AL
通讯作者：
Chasteen,AL

Inhibition of return in discrimination tasks.

抑制歧视任务中的返回。