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Models in the Cloud: Generative Software Frameworks to Support the Execution of Environmental Models in the Cloud

云中的模型：支持云中环境模型执行的生成软件框架

基本信息

批准号：
EP/N027736/1
负责人：
Gordon Blair
金额：
$ 108.28万
依托单位：
Lancaster University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN027736%2F1
关键词：
Models Cloud Generative Software Frameworks

项目摘要

Cloud computing is one of the most important technological developments of the last few years, with the technology having a major and transformative impact on many areas of society and the economy. For example, cloud computing underpins developments in smart cities, ecommerce and eGovernment and also provides the storage and computational capabilities that underpin data science (cf. big data). The software support offered by cloud computing is however in its infancy and is tailored towards particular styles of application. This is particularly true with respect to computation in the cloud, where the programming approach offered by the computational framework MapReduce dominates and yet MapReduce assumes a particular style of programming where potentially massive data sets are analysed by a map() operation before results are collated through an associated reduce() operation. This is powerful but very limited.In parallel, researchers are also interested in realising the benefits of cloud computing in many other areas of application. This project focuses on the support offered by cloud computing to Environmental Science and, in particular, to the execution of potentially complex environmental models in the cloud. This is an area of huge significance, with environmental modelling being the key tool to evaluate uncertainty, risk assessment, and mitigation strategies around flood/ drought, food security and the impact of climate change (with major consequences for the economy and for society). We particularly focus on the principles and techniques in the key areas of Platform as a Service (or PaaS), effectively the middleware for cloud computing. The central insight is that services at the PaaS level need to be more carefully tailored to the needs of key application domains, including but not limited to support for the execution of complex environmental models. We advocate a novel approach based on a combination of model-driven engineering coupled with software frameworks and argue that this enables a paradigm shift in terms of the flexible and tailored support offered by cloud computing for given application domains.Key beneficiaries of this work include the computer science communities working on model-driven engineering and cloud computing, researchers from environmental modelling in areas ranging from climate change modellers to flood prediction, and also key stakeholders related to environmental management and we include an exciting range of partner institutions from this area to maximise the impact of this work.

云计算是过去几年最重要的技术发展之一，该技术对社会和经济的许多领域产生了重大的变革性影响。例如，云计算支撑着智慧城市、电子商务和电子政务的发展，也提供了支撑数据科学（如大数据）的存储和计算能力。然而，云计算提供的软件支持还处于起步阶段，并且是针对特定风格的应用程序量身定制的。对于云计算来说尤其如此，其中由计算框架MapReduce提供的编程方法占主导地位，然而MapReduce假设了一种特殊的编程风格，其中潜在的大量数据集由map（）操作分析，然后通过相关的reduce（）操作整理结果。这是强大的，但非常有限。与此同时，研究人员也对实现云计算在许多其他应用领域的好处感兴趣。该项目侧重于云计算为环境科学提供的支持，特别是在云中执行可能复杂的环境模型。这是一个具有重大意义的领域，环境建模是评估洪水/干旱、粮食安全和气候变化影响（对经济和社会产生重大影响）的不确定性、风险评估和缓解战略的关键工具。我们特别关注平台即服务（PaaS）的关键领域中的原则和技术，它实际上是云计算的中间件。核心观点是，PaaS级别的服务需要更仔细地定制，以满足关键应用程序领域的需求，包括但不限于支持复杂环境模型的执行。我们提倡一种基于模型驱动工程与软件框架相结合的新方法，并认为这可以在云计算为给定应用程序域提供的灵活和定制支持方面实现范式转变。这项工作的主要受益者包括致力于模型驱动工程和云计算的计算机科学社区，从气候变化建模到洪水预测等领域的环境建模研究人员，以及与环境管理相关的关键利益相关者，我们还包括来自该领域的一系列令人兴奋的合作机构，以最大限度地发挥这项工作的影响。