GI AND CARDIAC ADAPTATION TO SEMI-STARVATION AND REFEEDING

胃肠道和心脏对半饥饿和重新喂养的适应

• 批准号: 3778009
• 负责人: ELEANOR A YOUNG
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF THE INCARNATE WORD
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3778009
• 关键词: caloric dietary content; cardiovascular disorder; cardiovascular function; diet therapy; dietary control; dietary proteins; dietary trace element; electrocardiography; electron microscopy; gastrointestinal disorder; gastrointestinal function; laboratory rat; nitrogen balance; nutrition related tag; obesity; reducing diet; weight loss

Obesity has been cited as America's most prevalent nutrition problem and "as a potential killer." In light of overwhelming evidence, obesity has been described as a disease that has significant adverse effects on morbidity and mortality. Approximately 34 million American adults are considered obese. Drastic caloric restriction can be extremely hazardous, however, potentially serious risks associated with semi-starvation (SS) diets have not been studied in a systematic, controlled manner. Specific pathogenesis of cardiac complications associated with rapid, massive weight loss have not been satisfactorily explained. The rapid reversal of SS by refeeding (RF) frequently leads to cardiac aberrations that are not fully understood. The effects of SS and RF on the gut have been almost completely ignored, even though this organ system creates the interface between dietary nutrients and subsequent metabolism and utilization. The overall goal of this proposal is to determine the cardiac and gut response to nutritionally optimal liquid protein diet versus a nutritionally optimal but low-calorie SS liquid protein diet, and subsequent RF in a dietary obese rat model. Nitrogen economy will be determine by serial N balance, and by determination of protein, RNA, DNA concentrations of cardiac and q.i. organ (pancreas, liver, small intestine) tissues. Comparative studies will be made of selected pancreatic enzyme activity (amylase, chymotrypsin, trypsin); intestinal enzymes (maltase, sucrase, lactase); liver lipid concentration; cardiac Ca, K, P, Zn, Cu and Mg concentrations. Histology will assess the morphological characteristics of the liver, pancreas, intestine and cardiac tissue. Cardiac function will be monitored by in vivo direct recording of electrocardiogram subjected to computer analysis. In subset of animals, detailed analysis of cardiac ultrastructure by electron microscopy will be studied, and absorptive function of the duodenum and ileum will be assessed using a closed intestinal loop perfusion system.

肥胖被认为是美国最普遍的营养问题 “作为一个潜在的杀手。” 大量证据显示，肥胖已 被描述为一种对人类有重大不利影响的疾病 发病率和死亡率。 大约 3400 万美国成年人 被认为是肥胖。 严格的热量限制可能极其危险， 然而，与半饥饿（SS）相关的潜在严重风险 饮食尚未以系统、受控的方式进行研究。 具体的 与快速、大量体重相关的心脏并发症的发病机制 损失尚未得到令人满意的解释。 SS 的快速逆转 再喂食 (RF) 经常会导致心脏畸变，而心脏畸变并未完全被 明白了。 SS和RF对肠道的影响几乎是 完全被忽略，即使这个器官系统创建了界面 膳食营养素与随后的代谢和利用之间的关系。 这 该提案的总体目标是确定心脏和肠道反应 营养最佳液体蛋白饮食与营养最佳饮食 但低热量 SS 液体蛋白饮食，以及随后饮食中的 RF 肥胖大鼠模型。 氮经济性将由系列氮平衡确定， 并通过测定心脏和心脏的蛋白质、RNA、DNA 浓度 q.i.器官（胰腺、肝脏、小肠）组织。 比较研究 将由选定的胰腺酶活性（淀粉酶、胰凝乳蛋白酶、 胰蛋白酶）；肠道酶（麦芽糖酶、蔗糖酶、乳糖酶）；肝脂 专注;心脏 Ca、K、P、Zn、Cu 和 Mg 浓度。 组织学 将评估肝脏、胰腺的形态特征， 肠和心脏组织。 心脏功能将受到监测 体内直接记录心电图并进行计算机分析。 在动物子集中，通过以下方法详细分析心脏超微结构 将研究电子显微镜，并研究其吸收功能 将使用闭合肠环评估十二指肠和回肠 灌注系统。