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Confinement, boundaries and buoyancy in the mixing by fluid flows: towards an understanding of indoor air quality.

流体流动混合的限制、边界和浮力：了解室内空气质量。

基本信息

批准号：
EP/R008957/1
负责人：
Henry Burridge
金额：
$ 12.81万
依托单位：
Imperial College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FR008957%2F1
关键词：
Confinement boundaries buoyancy mixing fluid

项目摘要

With the increasing urbanisation of society, human health & well-being is ever more affected by the air quality within our cities. We now spend over 90% of our time indoors and so the most chronic exposures can occur inside buildings. Mixing by buoyant fluid flows within buildings plays a dominant role in determining these exposures and the proposed research focuses on the buoyant turbulent plumes that arise in buildings from, the likes of, HVAC systems, window & door openings, radiators, electrical appliances, computers, cooking and the occupants themselves. An extensive campaign of laboratory experiments will examine the physics governing the mixing and transport of heat and tracers by turbulent buoyant plumes within the confining geometry of a room. Current exposure models take no account of the influence on the flow structure of the confinement of a room. The knowledge gained through this research will enable the development of models better suited to predicting indoor exposure levels, thereby enabling better management of exposure. Investigation of these flows also has considerably broader relevance and future application to examine include, for example, the mixing and dilution of flows within our urban environments, the mixing of fluids in the food, beverage & pharmaceutical industries, and the pollutant and nutrient transport in the Earth's oceans. This work will investigate factors which affect the mixing by fluid flows typical of the flows within building, specifically by: 1) De-coupling the effects of confinement from those of the no-slip condition which are typically simultaneously introduced into a fluid flow by the presence of a boundary - this is of fundamental scientific interest; 2) Varying the extent of the confinement imposed on the flow by the introduction of a jointed wall so that the degree of confinement can be continuously varied. The jointed wall can mimic the confinement of a corner formed by the meeting of two walls within a room. The angle of this corner wall can then be systematically varied to replicate the confinement imposed when, for example, people or computer equipment are placed, for example, near a corner within a room, next to a plane wall, or indeed near an obtuse 'external' corner. The new understanding will enable better modelling of the mixing produced by heat sources, including people, radiators and computers, within rooms - providing a practical output of real application and value to society.

随着社会的日益城市化，人类的健康和福祉越来越受到城市空气质量的影响。我们现在90%以上的时间都在室内度过，因此大多数慢性暴露可能发生在建筑物内。建筑物内的浮力流体流混合在确定这些暴露方面起着主导作用，拟议的研究重点是建筑物中产生的浮力湍流羽流，如HVAC系统，门窗开口，散热器，电器，计算机，烹饪和居住者本身。一个广泛的实验室实验活动将检查物理管理的混合和运输的热量和示踪剂的湍流浮力羽流内的限制几何形状的一个房间。目前的暴露模型没有考虑到封闭房间对流动结构的影响。通过这项研究获得的知识将有助于开发更适合预测室内暴露水平的模型，从而能够更好地管理暴露。对这些流动的研究也具有相当广泛的相关性，未来的应用包括，例如，我们城市环境中流动的混合和稀释，食品，饮料和制药行业中流体的混合，以及地球海洋中的污染物和营养物运输。这项工作将研究影响建筑物内流动的典型流体流动的混合的因素，特别是通过：1）将限制的影响与无滑动条件的影响解耦，无滑动条件通常同时通过边界的存在引入流体流动-这是基本的科学兴趣; 2）通过引入连接壁来改变施加在流动上的限制程度，使得限制程度可以连续变化。连接的墙壁可以模仿由房间内的两个墙壁的会议形成的角落的限制。然后可以系统地改变该拐角壁的角度，以复制当例如人或计算机设备被放置在例如房间内的拐角附近、靠近平面壁或实际上靠近钝角“外部”拐角时施加的限制。新的理解将能够更好地模拟室内热源（包括人、散热器和计算机）产生的混合-为社会提供真实的应用和价值的实际输出。