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DC networks, power quality and plant reliability

直流网络、电能质量和电站可靠性

基本信息

批准号：
EP/T001232/1
负责人：
Simon Rowland
金额：
$ 92.65万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT001232%2F1
关键词：
DC networks power quality plant

项目摘要

The movement of electrical energy from generators to customers, through electricity networks, has historically been based on High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) technology. This has been a major success of the twentieth century, enabling reliable and stable energy supplies across the developed world. The technology dominated partly as a result of the ability to change voltage levels readily and efficiently using transformers. The alternative technology of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) has historically only been used for point-to-point links because of particular advantages in this situation. Now however, with the advent of power electronics, utilisation of HVDC systems is rapidly increasing across the world. This has been accelerated with the growth of renewable distributed energy supplies, such as offshore wind farms in the UK. As a result, local and international energy supplies are becoming dependent on HVDC. Consequently, the reliability of DC technologies is becoming critical as they become more embedded in supply networks. However, in comparison to AC systems, the understanding of insulation and plant reliability under HVDC is still in its infancy. At the same time, the working environment for DC plant is not well documented and, in reality, DC systems have AC ripple, impulses and voltage variation just as in any other system, and these time-varying waveforms are likely to control plant ageing and reliability.This project comprises internationally leading researchers from The University of Manchester, The University of Strathclyde and Imperial College. They bring complementary expertise to form a unique team to address the problem. Prof Tim Green (Imperial) is an expert in the use of power electronics to enhance the controllability and flexibility of electricity networks; Prof Simon Rowland (Manchester) is an authority on ageing of high voltage insulation materials; and Prof Brian Steward (Strathclyde) has unique experience in condition monitoring and insulation diagnostics for high voltage systems. The project is designed to embed the work into the global community and in particular is linked to researchers in China where the largest systems are being developed.This project will firstly identify the voltage profiles experienced by plant insulation in a real HVDC network or link, because in real systems the voltage on the network is not a constant, fixed value. The power converters that feed a DC network create intrinsic "noise" in the form of high frequency elements as part of their normal operation, and also create voltage disturbances in their responses to fault conditions and emergency overloads. Characterising these is the first step in the overall study of how DC power quality impacts the lifetime of HV insulation. The team will then, through laboratory exploration, develop life models for polymeric insulation subject to known levels of DC power quality. The focus will be on AC ripple over a wide frequency range. In addition, the influence of fast transient signals of varying levels and durations will be considered, as identified above. The third experimental theme is to develop tools for monitoring transient signals and power quality in a real DC cable setting, and enable subsequent interpretation. Finally, we will develop input for utility policy documents on acceptable DC power quality. We will also provide evidence for optimal insulation design for equipment manufacturers and asset management recommendations for utilities. Through these means we hope to de-risk the UK's growing dependence on DC networks, and optimise equipment and system design and operation.

电能通过电网从发电机到客户的移动历史上一直基于高压交流（HVAC）技术。这是二十世纪的一项重大成功，使整个发达世界能够获得可靠和稳定的能源供应。这项技术之所以占主导地位，部分原因是它能够使用变压器迅速有效地改变电压水平。高压直流（HVDC）的替代技术历史上仅用于点对点链路，因为在这种情况下具有特别的优势。然而现在，随着电力电子技术的出现，HVDC系统的使用在世界范围内迅速增加。随着可再生分布式能源供应的增长，如英国的海上风电场，这一趋势得到了加速。因此，当地和国际能源供应越来越依赖HVDC。因此，直流技术的可靠性变得至关重要，因为它们越来越多地嵌入供电网络。然而，与交流系统相比，对高压直流输电下的绝缘和电厂可靠性的理解仍处于起步阶段。与此同时，直流发电厂的工作环境并没有很好的记录，实际上，直流系统与任何其他系统一样具有交流涟漪，脉冲和电压变化，这些随时间变化的波形可能会控制发电厂的老化和可靠性。该项目由曼彻斯特大学，斯特拉斯克莱德大学和帝国理工学院的国际领先研究人员组成。他们带来互补的专业知识，形成一个独特的团队来解决问题。Prof. Tim绿色（帝国）是使用电力电子技术提高电网可控性和灵活性的专家; Prof. Simon Rowland（曼彻斯特）是高压绝缘材料老化的权威; Prof. Brian Steward（Strathclyde）在高压系统的状态监测和绝缘诊断方面拥有独特的经验。该项目旨在将研究工作融入全球社区，特别是与正在开发最大系统的中国的研究人员建立联系。该项目将首先确定真实的HVDC网络或链路中工厂绝缘所经历的电压曲线，因为在真实的系统中，网络上的电压不是恒定的固定值。作为其正常操作的一部分，馈送DC网络的功率转换器以高频元件的形式产生固有的“噪声”，并且还在其对故障条件和紧急过载的响应中产生电压干扰。表征这些是全面研究直流电源质量如何影响高压绝缘寿命的第一步。然后，该团队将通过实验室探索，开发聚合物绝缘的寿命模型，以满足已知的直流电源质量水平。重点将放在宽频率范围内的交流涟漪上。此外，将考虑不同电平和持续时间的快速瞬态信号的影响，如上所述。第三个实验主题是开发用于监测真实的DC电缆设置中的瞬态信号和电能质量的工具，并实现随后的解释。最后，我们将为可接受的直流电能质量的公用事业政策文件提供投入。我们还将为设备制造商提供最佳绝缘设计的证据，并为公用事业提供资产管理建议。通过这些手段，我们希望降低英国对直流网络日益依赖的风险，并优化设备和系统的设计和运营。