PHYSIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF DIETARY FIBER IN HUMANS

膳食纤维对人体的理化作用

• 批准号: 3549039
• 负责人: JUDITH A. MARLETT
• 金额: $ 23.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-30 至 1992-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3549039
• 关键词: adsorption; blood chemistry; calcium metabolism; chemical structure function; diet route /schedule; dietary fiber; feces analysis; food; gastrointestinal nutrient absorption; high performance liquid chromatography; human subject; lignin; nutrition related neoplasm /cancer; nutrition related tag; particle; solubility; urinalysis; uronate; wheat

The relationship between diet and colon cancer is complex and the roles for fat, fiber and energy in its induction and/or promotion are undoubtedly related. It has been particularly difficult to sort out the role for fiber. In most studies, the test fiber was not characterized or analyzed. Comparisons among studies are also difficult because of inconsistencies among other diet ingredients. The research proposed in this application will compare the physical properties, chemical compositions and biological effects of three different sources of dietary fiber. Constant daily diets will be used to control for most dietary variables that have made it difficult to determine fiber's role. Two, wheat bran and oat bran, have been selected because each is relatively homogeneous; yet, they have distinct physiological effects and are representative of naturally occurring sources of fiber in the food supply. Based on the recent recommendation that fiber be increased in the diet through the use of whole foods, not concentrates, the third fiber source will be that provided by a mixture of whole foods from all 3 classes of fiber-containing foods. The physical properties of each fiber will be determined by measuring bile acid binding, cation exchange and water holding capacities and particle size in vitro. Soluble and insoluble fractions of each fiber will be analyzed for individual pentoses and hexoses by HPLC, uronic acids, beta-glucans and lignin content. Biological responses have been selected on the basis of their potential to define the colonic environment and/or metabolic activity of colonic microflora and include: fecal neutral and acidic steroid concentrations, composition and solubility; microbial mass; fiber digestibility; stool weight; transit time; defecation frequency; fecal pH and redox potential. Determination of apparent absorption of selected nutrients will be an indirect indication of the substrate supply entering the colon and calcium balance will assess the short-term safety of the test levels. This research will establish relationships of biological responses to dose, chemical composition and physical properties of representative fiber sources in healthy adults as a prerequisite to developing therapeutic uses for fiber. Results from the proposed research will form justification for subsequent studies using invasive techniques.

饮食和结肠癌之间的关系是复杂的， 脂肪、纤维和能量在其诱导和/或促进中的作用 毫无疑问是相关的。 特别难分类的是 纤维的作用。 在大多数研究中，测试纤维不是 分析或分析。 研究之间的比较也 因为其他饮食成分之间的不一致。 本申请中提出的研究将比较 物理性质、化学成分和生物效应 三种不同来源的膳食纤维 恒定的日常饮食 将被用来控制大多数饮食变量， 很难确定纤维的作用。 二、麦麸和燕麦 选择麸皮，因为每种都是相对均匀的; 然而，它们具有不同的生理效应， 代表食物中天然存在的纤维来源 供应 根据最近的建议， 通过使用天然食物增加饮食，而不是 第三纤维源将是由浓缩物提供的纤维源。 来自所有3类含纤维的天然食物的混合物 食品 每种纤维的物理性质将由以下决定： 测量胆汁酸结合、阳离子交换和持水性 容量和粒径。 可溶性和不溶性 将分析每种纤维的级分中的单个戊糖 糖醛酸、β-葡聚糖和木质素 内容 生物反应的选择基于 它们定义结肠环境的潜力和/或 结肠微生物菌群的代谢活性，包括：粪便 中性和酸性类固醇浓度、组成和 溶解度;微生物量;纤维消化率;粪便重量;转运 时间;排便频率;粪便pH值和氧化还原电位。 测定所选营养素的表观吸收率， 基质供应进入结肠的间接指示 和钙平衡将评估测试的短期安全性 程度.这项研究将建立生物学之间的关系。 对剂量、化学成分和物理性质的反应 健康成年人的代表性纤维来源作为先决条件 开发纤维的治疗用途。 结果 拟议的研究将构成后续研究的理由 使用侵入性技术。