INTEGRATE: Integrating seasoNal Thermal storagE with multiple enerGy souRces to decArbonise Thermal Energy

整合：将季节性蓄热与多种能源相结合，实现热能脱碳

• 批准号: EP/T023112/1
• 负责人: Daniel Friedrich
• 金额: $ 184.23万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FT023112%2F1
• 关键词: INTEGRATE; Integrating; seasoNal; Thermal; storagE

This project evaluates the potential of Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage (STES) systems to facilitate the decarbonisation of heating and cooling while at the same time providing flexibility services for the future net-zero energy system.The Committee on Climate Change's recent report highlighted that a complete decarbonisation of the building, industry and electricity sectors is required to reach net-zero. Current estimates are that 44% of the total energy demand in the UK is due to heat demand which has large seasonal variations (about 6 times higher in winter compared to summer) and high morning peak ramp-up rates (increase in heat demand is 10 times faster than the increase in electricity demand). Currently, around 80% of the heat is supplied through the natural gas grid which provides the flexibility and capacity to handle the large and fast variations but causes large greenhouse gas emissions. While cooling demand is currently very small in the UK, it is expected to increase significantly: National Grid estimates an increase of up to 100% of summer peak electricity demand due to air conditioning by 2050. In countries such as Denmark, district energy systems with Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage (STES) are already proving to be affordable and more sustainable alternatives to fossil fuel-based heating that are able to handle the high ramp-up rates and seasonal variations. However, the existing systems are usually designed and operated independently from the wider energy system (electricity, cooling, industry and transport sectors), while it has been shown that the best solution (in terms of emissions reduction and cost) can only be found if all energy sectors are combined and coordinated. In particular, large STES systems which are around 100 times cheaper per installed kWh compared to both electricity and small scale domestic thermal storage, can unlock synergies between heating and cooling demand on one side, and industrial, geothermal and waste heat, and variable renewable electricity generation on the other side. However, the existing systems cannot be directly translated to the UK due to different subsurface characteristics and different wider energy system contexts. In addition, the multi-sector integration is still an open challenge due to the complex and nonlinear interactions between the different sectors.This project will develop a holistic and integrated design of district energy systems with STES by considering the interplay and coordination between energy supply and demand, seasonal thermal storage characteristics, and regulation and market frameworks. The results and models from the individual areas will be combined in a whole system model for the design and operation of smart district energy systems with STES. The whole system model will be used to develop representative case studies and guidelines for urban, suburban and campus thermal energy systems based around the smart integration of STES systems. The results will enable the development and deployment of low carbon heating and cooling systems that provide affordable, flexible and reliable thermal energy for the customers while also improving the utilisation of the grid infrastructure and the integration of renewable generation assets and other heat sources.

该项目评估了季节性热能储存（STES）系统促进供暖和制冷脱碳的潜力，同时为未来的净零能源系统提供灵活性服务。气候变化委员会最近的报告强调，要实现净零能源，需要建筑、工业和电力部门完全脱碳。目前估计，英国总能源需求的 44% 来自热力需求，热力需求具有较大的季节变化（冬季比夏季高出约 6 倍）和早高峰爬升率较高（热力需求的增长速度是电力需求增长速度的 10 倍）。目前，大约 80% 的热量是通过天然气管网提供的，天然气管网提供了处理巨大且快速变化的灵活性和能力，但会导致大量温室气体排放。虽然目前英国的制冷需求非常小，但预计将大幅增加：国家电网预计，到 2050 年，空调导致的夏季高峰电力需求将增加高达 100%。在丹麦等国家，采用季节性热能存储 (STES) 的区域能源系统已被证明是化石燃料供暖的经济实惠且更可持续的替代方案，能够应对高爬坡率和季节性变化。然而，现有系统的设计和运行通常独立于更广泛的能源系统（电力、制冷、工业和运输部门），而事实证明，只有将所有能源部门结合和协调，才能找到最佳解决方案（在减排和成本方面）。特别是，与电力和小型家用热存储相比，每安装千瓦时的大型 STES 系统便宜约 100 倍，可以释放一方面供暖和制冷需求与另一方面工业、地热和废热以及可变可再生发电之间的协同效应。然而，由于不同的地下特征和不同的更广泛的能源系统背景，现有系统无法直接移植到英国。此外，由于不同部门之间复杂且非线性的相互作用，多部门整合仍然是一个开放的挑战。该项目将通过考虑能源供需之间的相互作用和协调、季节性蓄热特性以及监管和市场框架，利用STES开发区域能源系统的整体和集成设计。各个领域的结果和模型将被整合到一个整体系统模型中，用于 STES 智能区域能源系统的设计和运行。整个系统模型将用于围绕 STES 系统的智能集成为城市、郊区和校园热能系统开发代表性案例研究和指南。研究结果将有助于开发和部署低碳供暖和制冷系统，为客户提供负担得起、灵活和可靠的热能，同时提高电网基础设施的利用率以及可再生发电资产和其他热源的整合。

项目成果

Comparison of the thermal and hydraulic performance of single U-tube, double U-tube and coaxial medium-to-deep borehole heat exchangers

• DOI: 10.1016/j.geothermics.2023.102888
• 发表时间: 2024-02
• 期刊: Geothermics
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: C. Brown;I. Kolo;D. Banks;G. Falcone

Integration of curtailed wind into flexible electrified heating networks with demand-side response and thermal storage: Practicalities and need for market mechanisms

将弃风纳入具有需求侧响应和蓄热功能的灵活电气化供热网络：市场机制的实用性和需求

• DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2024.118203
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Energy Conversion and Management
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: Desguers T

Repurposing a deep geothermal exploration well for borehole thermal energy storage: Implications from statistical modelling and sensitivity analysis

重新利用深层地热勘探井进行钻孔热能储存：统计模型和敏感性分析的启示

• DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.119701
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Applied Thermal Engineering
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Brown C

Seasonal thermal energy storage as a complementary technology: Case study insights from Denmark and The Netherlands

季节性热能存储作为补充技术：丹麦和荷兰的案例研究见解

• DOI: 10.1016/j.est.2023.109249
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Energy Storage
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Bolton R

Short-cycle Borehole Thermal Energy Storage: Impact of Thermal Cycle Duration on Overall Performance

短周期钻孔热能存储：热循环持续时间对整体性能的影响

• DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4718254
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: SSRN Electronic Journal
• 作者: Desguers T