MOLECULAR CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RETROVIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH AIDS

艾滋病的一个显著特征是HIV-1逆转录病毒的异质性 基因组。分子克隆、限制性内切酶分析、核苷酸 测序和传染性研究已经被用来表征 各种不同的菌株。这些研究提供了关于他们的 结构和地理多样性，可能还有 不同HIV-1分离株之间的抗原性变异和致病性。 从不同分子克隆的HIV分离株制备的病毒是 目前正被用于制备单抗以测试其 对广泛的HIV分离株具有中和活性。 从感染HIV-1(LAV)的淋巴细胞中获得T细胞克隆(ACH-2) HIV-1对佛波酯(PMA)刺激的反应。一个 分离株被分子克隆，并在转染T细胞后， 产生病毒；然而，只有在PMA存在的情况下。通向新鲜 逆转录酶活性监测淋巴细胞产生病毒 (RT)在没有诱发PMA的情况下。混配实验 在ACH-2克隆和LAV亲本之间交换gag-polenv区 克隆，恢复ACH-2对野生型LAV的生物学活性。ACH-2 分离株的致病机制可为进一步研究提供依据。 HM，因为它与慢性感染和/或潜伏期和病毒诱导有关。

A prominent feature of AIDS is the heterogeneity among HIV-1 retroviral genomes. Molecular cloning, restriction enzyme analysis, nucleotide sequencing, and infectivity studies have been used to characterized the various isolates. These studies provide information regarding their structural as well as geographic diversity and, possibly, the degree of antigenic variability and pathogenicity among different HIV-1 isolates. Virus prepared from the different molecular cloned HIV isolates are presently being used to prepare monoclonal antibodies to test their neutralization activity against a wide spectrum of HIV isolates. A T cell clone (ACH-2) from lymphocytes infected with HIV-1 (LAV) produced HIV-1 in response to stimulation with phorbol myristic acetate (PMA). An isolate was molecularly cloned and, upon transfection into T cells, produced virus; however, only in the presence of PMA. Passage onto fresh lymphocytes produced virus as monitored by reverse transcriptase activity (RT) in the absence of the inducing PMA. Mixing and matching experiments swapping the gag-pol-env region between the ACH-2 clone and LAV parent clone, restored biological activity of ACH-2 to wild-type LAV. The ACH-2 isolate may provide an understanding of the mechanism of pathogenicity of HM as it relates to chronic infections and/or latency and viral induction.