Plasmon-enhanced light emission from hybrid nanowires: towards electrically driven nanowire lasers

混合纳米线的等离激元增强光发射：走向电驱动纳米线激光器

• 批准号: EP/V028642/1
• 负责人: Robert Taylor
• 金额: $ 59.12万
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FV028642%2F1
• 关键词: Plasmon; enhanced; light; emission; hybrid

Semiconductor nanowires are important quantum systems that can emit light at a broad range of wavelengths efficiently, where quantum effects resulting from their small size enhance the emission considerably. One issue that makes working with these tiny devices very challenging is the ability to inject current into them effectively and generate light by an electric current. We intend to explore a new means of growing these nanowires using tiny droplets of liquid helium that enables us to control the structure of these nanowires with exquisite precision. We can build these systems from the bottom up, i.e., by the addition of atoms/molecules one by one to helium droplets, allowing us to produce nanowires that are extremely difficult to make by any other means. These helium droplets are collections of helium atoms which may range in size from as few as several dozen helium atoms all the way to in excess of 100 billion atoms. The droplets possess some remarkable physical properties owing to the very low temperature, 0.37 K, which makes each droplet a superfluid. Any atoms or molecules added to a helium droplet cool rapidly to this temperature because of the exceptionally high thermal conductivity of superfluid helium and the fact that excess energy can be removed rapidly from the droplet by evaporative loss of the weakly bound helium atoms. When many atoms and/or molecules are added to the droplets they can aggregate and form objects that have nanoscale dimensions. For example, very recently it has been shown that metal nanoparticles composed of a few hundred to several million atoms can be made via this route, and nanowires can be grown by adding atoms/molecules to one-dimensional quantised vortices present in large helium droplets. Furthermore, these nano-objects can be removed from the droplets by collision with a solid surface, delivering a soft-landing. These preliminary studies, several of which originated from our team, are highly significant because they pave the way for the use of helium droplets as a tool in synthetic nanoscience. The great promise offered by helium droplets is the almost unlimited combination of materials that can be added, which will aggregate into nanoparticles or nanowires with a high degree of control.With the helium droplet technology, we can produce nanowires which have a thin filament of metal at their core, clad with a range of semiconductors, or vice versa, which are very difficult to make with other synthetic methods due to the non-wetting between metals and semiconductors. These nanowires will take advantage of surface plasmons to enhance the optical emission greatly, and smooth metallic coatings during growth would enable us to contact the nanowires efficiently; hence they are ideal to develop very small lasers driven by electric currents, and ultimately can be used to construct nano-sized electro-optical devices. In this regard, the nanowires that we will explore will have significant advantages: they are standalone and moveable, allowing them to be manipulated, transported and integrated into nanophotonic circuits. We have a range of state-of-the-art lasers that we can use to investigate the optical properties of these systems where the light is collected by high-resolution microscope systems that can operate with samples cooled to temperatures as low as 4 K. We will also use e-beam and electron microscopy techniques to write contacts onto these nanowires in controlled patterns so that we can excite individual nanowires both electrically and optically, and collect and analyse their emission. Applications we envisage range from sensors, quantum light sources and photovoltaic devices to nanolasers where we can control the emission wavelength over a large range. The project aims to deliver radical advances in both fundamental nanoscience and applied nanotechnology.

半导体纳米线是一种重要的量子系统，可以有效地发射宽波长范围的光，其中由于其小尺寸而产生的量子效应大大增强了发射。使用这些微小设备非常具有挑战性的一个问题是能够有效地将电流注入其中并通过电流产生光。我们打算探索一种新的方法，使用液氦的微小液滴来生长这些纳米线，使我们能够精确地控制这些纳米线的结构。我们可以自下而上构建这些系统，即，通过将原子/分子一个接一个地添加到氦滴中，使我们能够制造出用任何其他方法都极难制造的纳米线。这些氦滴是氦原子的集合，其大小范围可以从几十个氦原子一直到超过1000亿个原子。由于温度非常低（0.37 K），液滴具有一些显著的物理性质，这使得每个液滴都是超流体。添加到氦滴中的任何原子或分子都会迅速冷却到该温度，因为超流氦的热导率异常高，并且多余的能量可以通过弱结合氦原子的蒸发损失而从液滴中迅速去除。当许多原子和/或分子被添加到液滴中时，它们可以聚集并形成具有纳米级尺寸的物体。例如，最近已经表明，由几百到几百万个原子组成的金属纳米颗粒可以通过这种途径制成，并且纳米线可以通过将原子/分子添加到存在于大氦滴中的一维量子化涡旋中来生长。此外，这些纳米物体可以通过与固体表面碰撞而从液滴中移除，从而实现软着陆。这些初步研究，其中几个来自我们的团队，是非常重要的，因为他们铺平了道路，使用氦滴作为合成纳米科学的工具。氦液滴的巨大潜力在于可以添加几乎无限的材料组合，这些材料将在高度控制下聚集成纳米颗粒或纳米线。通过氦液滴技术，我们可以生产出纳米线，其核心是一根金属细丝，包覆着一系列半导体，反之亦然，由于金属和半导体之间的非润湿性，用其它合成方法很难制备。这些纳米线将利用表面等离子体激元极大地增强光发射，并且在生长过程中光滑的金属涂层将使我们能够有效地接触纳米线;因此它们是开发由电流驱动的非常小的激光器的理想选择，并且最终可以用于构建纳米尺寸的电光器件。在这方面，我们将探索的纳米线将具有显著的优势：它们是独立的和可移动的，允许它们被操纵，运输和集成到纳米光子电路中。我们有一系列最先进的激光器，我们可以用来研究这些系统的光学特性，其中光由高分辨率显微镜系统收集，该系统可以与冷却到低至4 K的温度的样品一起工作。我们还将使用电子束和电子显微镜技术在这些纳米线上以受控的模式写入触点，这样我们就可以通过电学和光学方式激发单个纳米线，并收集和分析它们的发射。我们设想的应用范围从传感器，量子光源和光伏器件到纳米激光器，我们可以在很大范围内控制发射波长。该项目旨在在基础纳米科学和应用纳米技术方面取得根本性进展。

项目成果

1-nm linewidth room temperature single-photon source from optical microcavity-embedded CsPbI3 perovskite quantum dots

来自光学微腔嵌入 CsPbI3 钙钛矿量子点的 1 nm 线宽室温单光子源

• DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2174927/v1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Farrow T

Resonantly Pumped Bright-Triplet Exciton Lasing in Cesium Lead Bromide Perovskites.

• DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c00720
• 发表时间: 2021-09-15
• 期刊: ACS photonics
• 影响因子: 7
• 作者: Ying G;Farrow T;Jana A;Shao H;Im H;Osokin V;Baek SB;Alanazi M;Karmakar S;Mukherjee M;Park Y;Taylor RA
• 通讯作者: Taylor RA