Ultra-Low Noise Measurement Capability for Quantum Science

量子科学的超低噪声测量能力

• 批准号: EP/W006383/1
• 负责人: Michael Pepper
• 金额: $ 122.63万
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW006383%2F1
• 关键词: Ultra; Low; Noise; Measurement; Capability

In the past few years there has been a very high international interest in Quantum Physics leading to new Technologies. The success of these technologies will lead to advances in a range of activities including new types of sensor, secure communications and advanced computing with the ability to perform calculations not presently possible. This latter category is based on the properties of quantum systems to develop bits, so called qu-bits, which can take any value between 0 and 1 unlike present, conventional, bits which are 0 or 1. However the development of this technology requires many advances in techniques and understanding, particularly as the means of generating the qubits are extremely low energy requiring temperatures very close to the absolute zero. Commercial equipment is available for reaching these temperatures but often electronic noise emanating from other equipment, radio stations and other sources is picked up by the device under test. This prevents the electrons from reaching the lowest temperatures necessary to observe the quantum effects. It is the purpose of this grant to develop noise reduction techniques in this very low temperature equipment which enables investigation of quantum properties including those not presently observable. The effects which we hope to investigate include some which stem from the repulsion of electrons in specific devices forming a new type of configuration and behaving as if they had a fractional charge. Other effects are based on quantum entanglement, which has no non-quantum counterpart, and arises from the property of two electrons to sense each other and mutually change their properties even when apart. To observe these effects requires a very detailed and precise isolation of the elecrons from any disturbing influences at extremly low temperatures and it is the purpose of this application to establish this isolation and investigate the new quantum properties which may emerge.

在过去的几年里，国际上对量子物理产生了很高的兴趣，从而导致了新技术的出现。这些技术的成功将导致一系列活动的进步，包括新型传感器，安全通信和先进的计算能力，以执行目前不可能的计算。后一类是基于量子系统的特性来开发比特，即所谓的量子比特，它可以取0和1之间的任何值，而不像目前的传统比特是0或1。然而，这项技术的发展需要在技术和理解方面取得许多进展，特别是因为产生量子位的方法是非常低的能量，需要非常接近绝对零度的温度。商用设备可用于达到这些温度，但通常来自其他设备，无线电台和其他来源的电子噪声会被测试设备拾取。这阻止了电子达到观察量子效应所需的最低温度。这项拨款的目的是在这种极低温设备中开发降噪技术，从而能够研究量子特性，包括目前无法观察到的量子特性。我们希望研究的效应包括一些源于特定设备中电子的排斥，形成一种新的配置类型，并且表现得好像它们具有分数电荷。其他效应是基于量子纠缠，量子纠缠没有非量子对应物，并且产生于两个电子的性质，即使分开也能相互感知并相互改变它们的性质。为了观察这些效应，需要在极低的温度下将电子与任何干扰影响进行非常详细和精确的隔离，本申请的目的是建立这种隔离并研究可能出现的新量子特性。